流感病毒免疫防御机制研究进展

流感病毒感染引起免疫损伤的同时可以激发机体产生免疫应答,在病毒的清除与疾病的恢复及再次感染过程中发挥着有效的防御作用.尽管流感病毒经常发生变异,但自然感染诱导的免疫防御机制仍可提供一定程度的交叉保护作用.这一系列免疫应答的激发及形成包括多种分子及细胞的参与,其发生、发展及转归直接决定着疾病的严重程度及免疫预防的有效性.了解天然免疫应答、粘膜免疫应答及获得性免疫应答的激发与维持可为流感病毒的防治及疫苗的研制提供思路.

Protective immunity induced by influenza virus infection

Immune responses initiated by influenza infection play an efficient role in the elimination of viruses, disease recovery and the defense of secondary infection while mediating tissue damage. Protective immunity in-duced by natural infection of influenza provides a moderate level of cross-protection to the secondary infection despite the frequent mutation of influenza virus. Cytokines and cells involving in the initiation and development of the immune responses to the virus determine the severity and prognosis of the disease. Here we review the in-itiation, development and maintenance of innate immunity, mucosal immunity and adaptive immunity during in-fluenza virus infection. To provide insight for the prophylaxis of influenza and strategies of vaccine research.