2008年河南省人体土源性线虫感染监测结果分析

目的了解河南省人体土源性线虫感染现状。方法根据《全国土源性线虫病监测方案》要求选点,确定监测人群,采用改良加藤厚涂片法查粪便虫卵,透明胶纸肛拭法查12岁以下儿童蛲虫卵。改良饱和硝酸钠漂浮法检查土样中的虫卵。结果在淮阳、栾川和封丘3县共调查3 041人,土源性线虫总感染率为2.63%（80/3041）,较河南省人体重要寄生虫病现状调查时的土源性线虫感染率9.53%下降72.40%。其中检出蛔虫卵67例,感染率为2.20%,轻、中度感染者分别占85.07%和14.93%;检出钩虫卵14例,感染率0.46%,轻、中、重度感染者分别占85.71%、0和14.29%。有2人感染2种肠道寄生虫,占2.50%。肛拭法检测12岁以下儿童251人,蛲虫卵阳性32人,感染率12.74%。对30户居民菜园、厕所周边、庭院、厨房的120份土样进行检查,1份检出蛔虫卵,阳性率0.83%。结论河南省人体土源性线虫感染率显著下降。

Analysis of results of surveillance of soil-transmitted nematode infection in Henan Province in 2008

Objective To understand the status of infection of soil-transmitted nematodes in Henan Province. Methods Surveillance sites and target populations were selected based on China＇s National soil-transmitted nematode infection surveillance program. Eggs of intestinal nematodes were examined by the Kato-Katz technique. A transparent adhesive tape test was used to look for Enterobius vermicularis in children under 12 years of age. A modified floatation test with saturated sodium nitrate was used for egg detection in soil samples. Results Subjects were 3 041 individuals from Huaiyang, Fengqiu, and Luanchuan Counties. The total rate of infection with soil-transmitted nematodes was 2. 63% （80/ 3 041）, indicating a decrease of 72.40% from 9.53% in 2004. Of the samples, 67 were positive for Ascaris lumbricoides, indicating an infection rate of 2.20%. The percentages of mild infection, moderate infection and severe infection were 85.07%, 14. 93% and 0, respectively. 14 positive samples hookworms were found, the infection rate was 0.46%. Rates for mild, moderate, and severe infections were 85.71%, 0, and 14.29%, respectively. Samples from 2 individuals were found to have 2 species of parasites, accounting for 2.50% of all positive samples. The transparent adhesive tape test identified samples from 251 children under 12 as positive for E. vermicularis, indicating an infection rate of 12.74%. Of 120 soil samples from gardens, around bathrooms, courtyards and kitchens of 30 households, one was positive for eggs of A. lumbricoides, indicating a positive detection rate of 0.83%. Conclusion The rate of soil-transmitted nematode infection has decreased significantly in Henan Province.