中学生视力不良状况影响因素研究

目的：调查中学阶段学生视力状况，研究产生屈光不正的主要影响因素。 方法用单纯随机方法，选择有代表意义的农村与市区中学各两所，对所有在校生进行屈光测定，并测定教室照度、采光系数与采光角，填写户外活动时间与每天学习时间。 结果城市中学近视人数和眼数均高于农村（Ｘ２＝８６．４０，Ｐ＜０．００１），随着学龄的增长，视力不良状况亦逐渐加重，呈正相关关系ｒ＝０．９２７，Ｐ＜０．０１）。男女性别间无差别。高中阶段明显高于初中阶段（Ｘ２＝２１． ０４，Ｐ＜０． ０１）。 结论影响近视发生的因素有：学习负担重，户外活动少，大气污染与学龄长等。提示预防近视应科学地安排作息时间和充足的户外活动。

Influential factor study on the low vision of middle school students

Objective To find the main reasons of bringing about student ametropia at the stage of middle school. Methods Four schools were chosen simply at random (two rural schools and two urban schools) Not only was the refraction of all the students examined,but also the intensity of illumination in their classes, the lighting coefficient and the lighting angle were examined. The evely day time of outdoor activities and learning time were also examined. Results The myopic students and eyes were all more In urban districts than that in the countryside(X2 = 86. 40, P<0. 001 ). The Low vision state becomes more serious as the ages increase (P