某市2001～2008年不良妊娠结局的回顾性分析

目的:分析某市近年来育龄妇女不良妊娠结局的发生状况,为其预防提供依据。方法:回顾性分析某市2001年1月~2008年6月生育年龄妇女妊娠结局(共66 619例),探讨不良妊娠结局与年龄、文化程度、身体状况、孕期暴露及妊娠合并症的关系。结果:不良妊娠结局包括出生畸形、早产、死胎和足月出生低体重,2001年1月~2008年6月各种不良妊娠结局总体发生率为7.14%,呈逐年下降趋势,由10.85%降低到4.99%;发生顺位为早产(37.86‰)、出生畸形(20.20‰)、足月出生低体重(10.37‰)、死胎(6.24‰);年龄偏大、文化程度较低、早孕期异常、妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、多胎妊娠和胎盘异常等与不良妊娠结局有关(P0.05或P0.005);早产是不良妊娠结局的最主要类型,几乎与上述因素都有关,出生低体重仅与妊娠期高血压疾病和多胎妊娠有关(P0.005),死胎和出生畸形与上述因素关系不显著(P0.05)。结论:某市育龄妇女不良妊娠结局逐年改善,但高龄、妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、胎盘异常、多胎妊娠可增加早产和出生低体重发生的风险,需重点采取措施进行干预。

A retrospective analysis on adverse pregnancy outcomes in a certain city from 2001 to 2008

Objective:To analyze the prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes among the women of childbearing age in a certain city in recent years,provide a basis for its prevention.Methods:The pregnancy outcomes among the women of childbearing age(totally 66 619 cases) in a certain city from January 2001 to June 2008 were analyzed retrospectively,the relationship between adverse pregnancy outcomes and age,educational level,physical condition,pregnancy exposure and pregnancy complications was also explored.Results:The adverse pregnancy outcomes included birth malformation,premature delivery,fetal death and low weight full-term infants,the total incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes from January 2001 to June 2008 was 7.14%,showing a descending trend year by year from 10.85% to 4.99%;the incidences of premature delivery,birth malformation,low weight full-term infants and fetal death were 37.86‰,20.20‰,10.37‰ and 6.24‰,respectively;advanced age,low education level,abnormal early pregnancy,hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy,premature rupture of membranes,multiple pregnancy and abnormal placenta were related to adverse pregnancy outcomes(P<0.05 or P<0.005).Premature delivery was the main type of adverse pregnancy outcomes,which was almost correlated to the above mentioned factors,low birth weight was related to hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and multiple pregnancy(P<0.005),fetal death and birth malformation were not affected by the above effect factors significantly(P>0.05).Conclusion:The adverse pregnancy outcomes among the women of childbearing age in a certain city are improved year by year,but advanced age,hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy,premature rupture of membranes,abnormal placenta and multiple pregnancy may increase the risk of premature delivery and low birth weight,measures should be adopted for prevention.