大连市潜水员股骨头坏死发病率的流行病学调查报告

 目的 调查大连市潜水员股骨头坏死发病率。方法 对2010 年1 月至2010 年12 月所有大连市注册在职潜水员855 名进行统一体格检查, 填写调查表, 项目包括身高、体重、血压及髋关节检查。摄髋关节正位及蛙位X线片, 对具有髋部症状但X 线片未见异常者采用MR 检查, 确诊股骨头坏死。结果 调查期间股骨头坏死发病人数为68 例, 发病率为7.95%(68/855)。68 例股骨头坏死患者中Ficat I期12 例12 髋、 II期40 例47 髋、III期3 例3 髋、IV期13 例15 髋。大连市在职潜水员年龄18~55 岁, 平均(32.6±5.5)岁;股骨头坏死发病年龄主要集中于30~50 岁, 占总发病人数的83.82%(57/68), 各年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义。按学历统计发病率的结果为小学10.58%(38/359)、初中6.28%(28/446)、高中4.26%(2/47)、大学(0/3), 各组差异有统计学意义。按工龄统计发病率的结果为5 年内4.55%(20/440)、6~10 年9.69%(28/289)、11~15 年13.04%(12/92)、16~20 年21.05%(4/19)、20 年以上26.67%(4/15), 各组差异有统计学意义。按企业性质统计发病率的结果为个体11.88%(19/160), 私营企业8.41%(38/452), 国家企业4.53%(11/243)。结论 股骨头坏死在潜水员中有较高的发病率, 不同的工作条件、工作时间发病率差异较大。

Incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in divers: an epidemiologic analysis in Dalian

Objective To investigate the incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in divers of Dalian. Methods From January 2010 to December 2010, all registered 855 divers in Dalian were enrolled in this study. All divers underwent a unified medical examination and a questionnaire including height, weight, blood pressure and hip inspection. Radiological examination (anteroposterior and frog position) was used for all divers. Suspicious persons with hip pain but normal X-ray performance were confirmed by MRI. Results Sixty-eight divers were confirmed as ONFH, and the incidence of ONFH in divers of Dalian was 7.95%. According to the Ficat classification, 12 patients (12 hips) were in Phase I, 40 patients (47 hips) in phase II, 3 patients (3 hips) in phase III, 13 patients (15 hips) in phase IV. The mean age of divers was 32.6?5.5 years (range, 18-55 years). The onset ages of most patients ranged from 30 years to 50 years, accounted for 83.82% (57/68). Among all patients, primary school education accounted for 10.58% (38/359), junior high school education 6.28% (28/446), high school education 4.26% (2/47), university education 0 (0/ 3); seniority less than 5 years accounted for 4.55% (20/440), 6-10 years 9.69% (28/289), 11-15 years 13.04% (12/92), 16-20 years 21.05% (4/19), more than 20 years 26.67% (4/15); self-employed accounted for 11.88% (19/160), private enterprise 8.41% (38/452), and national enterprise 4.53% (11/243). Conclusion The incidence of ONFH is high in divers of Dalian, which is different in terms of age, seniority, level of education, enterprise nature.