昆明市男性吸烟工人吸烟现状及诱惑情境研究

目的了解昆明市男性吸烟工人的吸烟现状,探讨吸烟的诱惑情境及其对戒烟意愿的影响。方法采用立意抽样方法,抽取昆明市4家工厂共549名男性吸烟者,对其进行吸烟情况和诱惑情境等问卷调查。结果调查对象平均年龄为44.88±12.06岁,汉族占89.6%,已婚者占81.8%。吸烟者平均年龄为21.62±5.46岁,每日吸烟20支及以上者占55.3%,有戒烟意愿的占17.7%。正性影响情境下调查对象受诱惑程度平均得分的范围为0.59～3.57,负性影响情境下受诱惑程度平均得分的范围为2.57～3.42,习惯/渴望情境下受诱惑程度平均得分的范围为1.92～3.32。调查对象的戒烟意愿与＂和吸烟的好友在一起时＂和＂和朋友一起聚会时＂两种情境呈正相关,与＂情绪低落时＂和＂想起有一段时间没吸烟时＂两种情境呈负相关。结论男性吸烟工人中重度吸烟者比例高,有戒烟意愿的比例低。除对烟草依赖外,特定社交场合、有负性情绪对该群体的吸烟行为影响最大。

Survey on smoking behaviours of male smoking workers and its influencing factors in Kunming City

Objective To understand the smoking status of male smoking workers, and to explore the tempting situation of smoking and its influence to their willingness of smoking cessation in Kunming. Methods A sample of 549 male smoking workers was selected with purposive sampling method from 4 factories in Kunming City. The questionnaire in- cluded smoking status, the temptation situations, etc. Results The participants had the average age of 44. 88 ± 12. 06 years old, and 89.6% were the Han nationality and 81.8% married. The average age of starting habitual smoking was 21.62±5.46 years old. 55.3% of the participants smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day, and 17.7% of them had the willingness of quitting smoking. The average scores of smoking-temepting in positive affect situations were between 0. 59 and 3.57, and these in negative affect situations were between 2. 57 and 3.42, and these in habitual craving situations were between 1.92 and 3. 32. The participants＇ willingness of quitting smoking was positively correlated with the situations of ＂with close friend who is smoking＂ and ＂ gathering with friends＂, and negatively correlated with the situations of ＂When I am depressed＂ and ＂When I remenber not to smoke for a while＂ . Conclusion Male smoking workers had high propor- tion of heavy smoking, but the willingness of quitting smoking was low. Besides tobacco dependence, specific social occa- sions and negative emotions affect the smoking behaviours of male workers mostly.