自贡市城区儿童手足口病影响因素分析

目的通过分析自贡市城区儿童手足口病发病的影响因素,提出有针对性的防控措施。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中,选取自贡市2013年1—8月现住址为城区、年龄在0～5岁的手足口病临床诊断病例63例,按照1∶2的比例进行匹配,对照与病例生活在同一社区、性别相同、年龄相差不超过1岁,今年内没有发生过手足口病。进行问卷调查之后,进行单因素分析,将P〈0.10的因素纳入条件logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果单因素分析显示,饭前便后洗手是手足口病的影响因素（x^2=14.131,P〈0.01）。多因素条件logistic回归模型显示,幼托儿童（OR=11.49,95%CI=1.92～66.67）、与手足口病患者接触过（OR=11.11,95%CI=2.67～45.46）、经常与其他儿童共用玩具（OR=4.37,95%CI=1.46～12.99）是儿童发生手足口病的危险因素,接受过儿童保健（OR=0.09,95%CI=0.02～0.40）则是儿童发生手足口病的保护因素。结论幼托儿童、与手足口患者接触过、经常与其他儿童共用玩具、接受过儿童保健是儿童发生手足口病的影响因素。应促使人们养成良好的洗手习惯,提醒患病儿童的家长在孩子患病期间避免接触其他儿童;经常对儿童用的玩具进行清洗和消毒以及积极推动儿童保健工作是控制手足口病发展和蔓延的有效措施。

Analysis on influencing factors of hand,foot and mouth disease among children in Zigong urban area

Objective]To analyze the influencing factors of hand,foot and mouth disease（ HFMD） among children in Zigong urban area,put forward the targeted prevention and control measures. Methods]63 confirmed HFMD patients,who were under five years old and lived in urban area of Zigong City,were collected from the China information system for diseases control and prevention from January to August in 2013. Controls were matched to cases at a ratio of 1 ∶ 2 by address（ same community）,gender and age（ the difference is not more than 1 year old）,and all controls did not get HFMD in this year. After the questionnaire survey,the single factor analysis was performed,and the factors which the P-value is less than 0. 10 were investigated with the conditional logistic regression model for multiple factors analysis. Results]The results of single factor analysis showed that washing hands before meals and after using the toilet was the influencing factor of HFMD（ x^2= 14. 131,P 〈0. 01）. Multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of HFMD included children in kindergarten（ OR = 11. 49,95% CI = 1. 92-66. 67）,contacting with HFMD patients（ OR = 11. 11,95% CI = 2. 67-45. 46） and using toys with others（ OR = 4. 37,95% CI = 1. 46-12. 99）,while the protective factor was receiving child care（ OR = 0. 09,95% CI = 0. 02-0. 40）. Conclusion]Children in kindergarten,contacting with HFMD patients,using toys with others and receiving child care are the influencing factors of HFMD. It is necessary to encourage people to develop a good habit of washing hands,remind parents of sick children to avoid contact with other children,regularly carry out the cleaning and disinfection of toys,and actively promote child care work is the effective ways to control the development and spread of HFMD.