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Recommendations for Responsible Development and Application of Neurotechnologies |
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| Authors: | Goering Sara Klein Eran Specker Sullivan Laura Wexler Anna Agüera y Arcas Blaise Bi Guoqiang Carmena Jose M. Fins Joseph J. Friesen Phoebe Gallant Jack Huggins Jane E. Kellmeyer Philipp Marblestone Adam Mitchell Christine Parens Erik Pham Michelle Rubel Alan Sadato Norihiro Teicher Mina Wasserman David Whittaker Meredith Wolpaw Jonathan Yuste Rafael |
| Affiliation: | 1.University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA ;2.Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA ;3.Fordham University, New York, NY, USA ;4.University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA ;5.Google, Mountain View, CA, USA ;6.University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China ;7.CAS Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China ;8.University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA ;9.Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA ;10.McGill University, Montreal, Canada ;11.University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA ;12.University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ;13.Federation of American Scientists, Washington, DC, USA ;14.Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA ;15.The Hastings Center, Philipstown, Garrison, NY, USA ;16.University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA ;17.National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan ;18.Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel ;19.University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA ;20.AI Now, New York City, NY, USA ;21.New York University, New York City, NY, USA ;22.National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Albany, NY, USA ;23.Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA ; |
| Abstract: | Advancements in novel neurotechnologies, such as brain computer interfaces (BCI) and neuromodulatory devices such as deep brain stimulators (DBS), will have profound implications for society and human rights. While these technologies are improving the diagnosis and treatment of mental and neurological diseases, they can also alter individual agency and estrange those using neurotechnologies from their sense of self, challenging basic notions of what it means to be human. As an international coalition of interdisciplinary scholars and practitioners, we examine these challenges and make recommendations to mitigate negative consequences that could arise from the unregulated development or application of novel neurotechnologies. We explore potential ethical challenges in four key areas: identity and agency, privacy, bias, and enhancement. To address them, we propose (1) democratic and inclusive summits to establish globally-coordinated ethical and societal guidelines for neurotechnology development and application, (2) new measures, including “Neurorights,” for data privacy, security, and consent to empower neurotechnology users’ control over their data, (3) new methods of identifying and preventing bias, and (4) the adoption of public guidelines for safe and equitable distribution of neurotechnological devices. |
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