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Impact of self-reported smoking status on health-related quality of life in Singapore |
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| Authors: | Hua Pey Gan Hwee Lin Wee Yin Bun Cheung Nan Luo Kok Yong Fong David Feeny Julian Thumboo |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 2. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore, 169608, Singapore 3. Singapore Clinical Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore 4. Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore 5. Department of International Health, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland 6. Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 7. Centre for Health Services Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 8. Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 10. Health Utilities Incorporated, Dundas, Ontario, Canada 9. The Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente North-west Region, Portland, OR, USA |
| Abstract: | AimTo evaluate possible differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) according to self-reported smoking status in a multiethnic urban Asian population in Singapore.Subjects and methodsIn this community-based cross-sectional survey of a stratified random sample, interviewers obtained socioeconomic, clinical and HRQoL—Short Form-36, Version 2 (SF-36v2), Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3) and EuroQoL 5-Dimensions (EQ-5D)—data in English, Chinese or Malay. The association between self-reported smoking status and HRQoL at the overall scale and individual attribute levels stratified by gender were evaluated using regression analyses.ResultsOf 3,006 consenting participants with a mean age of 48 (SD: 16.44) years, 49.9 % males, Chinese: Malay: Indian?=?49.9 %: 25.3 %: 24.8 %, 727 (34.4 %) male and 1,386 (65.6 %) female are never smokers, 208 (86.7 %) male and 32 (13.3 %) female are ex-smokers, 104 (78.8 %) male and 28 (21.2 %) female are occasional smokers, while 460 (88.3 %) male and 61 (11.7 %) female are regular smokers. After adjusting for socioeconomic and clinical variables, male ex-smokers reported lower SF-36v2 MCS (regression coefficient: ?1.60, P?=?0.026) and HUI3 utility scores (regression coefficient: ?0.024, P?=?0.040) compared to never smokers. Female regular smokers reported lower HUI3 utility scores as compared to never smokers (regression coefficient: ?0.056, P?=?0.004).ConclusionCompared with never smokers, male ex-smokers and female regular smokers reported poorer HRQoL in this multiethnic Asian study. |
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