香烟烟对变态反应性疾病的影响

为探讨香烟烟对变态反应性疾病的影响，以香烟烟作为变应原，采用特异性体内皮肤试验测定了１６０６例变态反应性疾病患者对香烟烟的反应，并对香烟烟呈阳性反应与各种变态反应性疾病的关系以及与性别和年龄的关系进行了多元回归分析。结果表明，对香烟烟的皮试阳性的反应率为３４．６％（５５６例患者对香烟烟呈阳性反应），香烟烟的阳性反应与变应性疾病的发病有关，而与性别、年龄、病程、外周血白细胞计数和嗜酸性粒细胞计数相关性不大。对５８例香烟烟呈阳性反应的支气管哮喘患者，用乙酰甲胆碱做了气道激发试验，其结果为，激发后的最大肺活量（ＦＶＣ）、一秒钟用力呼气量（ＦＥＶ１）、最大呼气流速（ＰＥＦＲ）低于激发前。对２２３例香烟烟阳性反应者（其中支气管哮喘患者１８４例、变应性鼻炎８７例、过敏性皮肤病５２例），采用ＥＬＩＳＡ方法测定血清总ＩｇＥ，并与正常对照组比较，香烟反应的病人组血清总ＩｇＥ显著增高。由此可见，香烟烟可以引起变态反应性疾病。

Effects of Cigarette Smoke on Allergic Diseases

Reactions were determined in 1 606 patients with allergic diseases by specific skin test in vivo, using cigarette smoke as allergen, to study its effects on the diseases. Relationship between positive skin reaction, kinds of allergic diseases, and age and sex of the patients was analyzed with multiple regression. Results showed that proportion of positive skin reaction accounted for 34.5 percent (with 556 cases), and positive skin reaction correlated with the occurrence of allergic diseases, but did not with the age, sex, length of the course of the patients and counts of peripheral white blood cell and eosinophil cell. Airway challenge test with acetylmethylcholine was conducted in 58 patients of bronchial asthma with positive skin reaction. Their forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) after provocation were lower than those before it. Serum levels of total IgE were determined with ELISA in 223 cases (184 cases with bronchial asthma, 87 allergic rhinitis, and 52 allergic skin diseases) with positive skin reaction, and their serum total IgE level was significantly increased, as compared with the controls.