成年期疾病的早期预防

目的探讨影响儿童超重和肥胖的早期健康状况因素，为儿童超重和肥胖防治工作提供依据。方法随机抽取上海市小学和九年制学校各3所，对其中所有一、二年级学生1 511人进行回顾性问卷调查，并采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析法分析儿童超重和肥胖的早期危险因素。结果单因素分析结果表明, 较高出生体质量、患哮喘、过敏体质、慢性病疾病史、食欲较好和较大年龄被告知超重或肥胖的儿童，超重和肥胖检出率较高(P值均 < 0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，出生体质量(OR=2.699，95%CI为1.097~6.644)、过敏体质(OR=1.498，95%CI为1.044~2.149)、有慢性病患病史(OR=2.486，95%CI为1.327~4.659)和食欲(OR=22.011，95%CI为8.861~54.673)是影响儿童超重、肥胖发生的危险因素(P值均 < 0.05)。结论需关注有较大出生体质量、过敏体质和慢性疾病史儿童的体质量控制问题，早期科学、合理喂养和培养良好的饮食习惯可能有助于儿童超重、肥胖的防治。

The relation of children BMI to adult adiposity:The Bogalusa Heart Study

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of early health status on the risk of developing child overweight and obesity so as to provide evidences for preventive measures against child overweight and obesity.MethodsThree schools were randomly selected from primary schools in Shanghai, and another three schools were randomly selected from 9-year schools in Shanghai. Retrospective surveys were conducted for 1 511 pupils selected from all the Grade One and Grade Two students of the above selected schools, the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the early risk factors for child overweight and obesity.ResultsThe results of univariate logistic regression analyses showed that for the children with relatively high birth weights, asthma, allergic constitution, histories of chronic diseases, relatively good appetite, relatively high ages that had been notified of their overweight and obesity, the detection rate of overweight and obesity was higher (P < 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that birth weights(OR=2.699, 95%CI=1.097~6.644), allergic constitution(OR=1.498, 95%CI=1.044~2.149), histories of chronic diseases(OR=2.486, 95%CI=1.327~4.659) and appetite(OR=22.011, 95%CI=8.861~54.673) were the risk factors influencing child overweight and obesity (P < 0.05).ConclusionAttention still needs to be paid to the body mass control of the children with relatively high birth weights, allergic constitution and histories of chronic diseases. Scientific and reasonable feeding at early stages as well as cultivating good eating and drinking habits may help prevent and control child overweight and obesity.