胡椒碱诱导人红白血病细胞株K562的分化

背景与目的:白血病是一种血液系统的恶性肿瘤,诱导分化是治疗白血病非常有效的方法之一。胡椒碱(piperine)是一种从胡椒属植物中提取的生物碱,具有镇静、抗炎、抗肿瘤等多种药理活性。本研究旨在探讨胡椒碱对K562细胞的增殖抑制和诱导分化作用。方法:采用台盼蓝染色计数法绘制生长曲线和流式细胞术检测细胞周期及细胞凋亡,观察胡椒碱对K562细胞增殖的影响;通过观察细胞形态学变化、检测硝基蓝四氮唑(nitroblue tetrazolium,NBT)还原能力、流式细胞术检测细胞表面标志CD33和CD14的变化,探讨胡椒碱对K562细胞的诱导分化作用。结果:20μmol/L和40μmol/L胡椒碱可诱导K562细胞向巨噬细胞和单核系细胞分化。40μmol/L胡椒碱作用3d,K562细胞的NBT还原阳性率由(8.5±1.9)%上升到(76.7±5.3)%;20μmol/L胡椒碱作用3d,流式细胞术结果显示细胞表面分化抗原CD33的平均荧光强度(mean fluorescence intensity,MFI)下降42.05%(P<0.01),而CD14的MFI则升高了1倍(P<0.01);20μmol/L以上浓度的胡椒碱对K562细胞的增殖具有抑制作用,其抑制作用随时间的延长或剂量的增加有增强的趋势。结论:胡椒碱可诱导K562细胞向巨噬和单核系细胞分化。

Differentiation of erythroleukemia K562 cells induced by piperine

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The most common haematological malignancy is leukaemia. Differentiation induction is considered as one of the effective therapies for leukemia. Piperine, an alkaloid extracted from piperaceae, has been reported to display a variety of pharmacological activities, including sedation, anti-inflammation and antitumor effects. This study was to investigate the effect of piperine on proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of erythroleukemia K562 cells. METHODS: Inhibition of cell growth was determined by trypan blue exclusion test; cell cycle and cell apoptosis were analyzed by FACS; induction of cell differentiation was confirmed by morphological observation, nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assay and measurements of CD33 and CD14 expressions. RESULTS: Piperine induced K562 cells to differentiate into macrophages/monocytes at 20 micromol/L or 40 micromol/L. After incubation with 40 mumol/L piperine for 3 d, the NBT reduction rate of K562 cells increased from (8.5+/-1.9)% to (76.7+/-5.3)%; after incubation with 20 mumol/L piperine for 3 d, the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD33 in K562 cells was decreased by 42.05% (P<0.01), whereas the MFI of CD14 was doubled (P<0.01). Piperine inhibited the proliferation of K562 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner at a concentration of above 20 micromol/L. CONCLUSION: Piperine can induce K562 cells to differentiate into macrophages/monocytes.