吸入性全身麻醉药对肺泡表面活性物质的影响

目的：观察临床使用的4个吸入性全血麻醉药对肺泡表面活性物质的影响。方法：50只家兔随机分成五组,每组10只,除对照组（C组）外,另四组分别吸入55％－60％氧化亚氮（N组）,4．5％－5．0％乙醚（E组）,0．8％－1．0％氟烷（F组）,0．8－1．0％异氟醚（I组）4小时后,用薄层色谱法对全肺组织及肺泡灌洗液中的表面活性物质作定性和定量检测。结果：定性分析得到9种磷脂,胆固醇及甘油脂类,定量检测显示,与C组相比,全肺组织及细胞的表面活性物质含量在E,F和I组均有明显增加（P＜0．05）,N组基本不变,肺泡灌洗液中表面活性物质的含量在E,F和I三组不变,而N组显著增高（P＜0．01）,表面活性物质的各磷脂组分含量百分比检测结果显示,磷脂酰胆碱在全肺的E,F,I组及肺泡灌洗液的N,E,F,I组均显著升高,结论：吸入非脂溶性全身麻醉药后肺泡腔内表面活性物质含量增加。吸入脂溶性全身麻醉药后全肺组织表面活性物质含量增加,但滞留在细胞内,吸入上述四个全身麻醉药后磷脂酰胆碱的比例均升高。

Effects of inhalational anesthetic agents on pulmonary surfactant

Objective To observe the effects of four kinds of inhalational anesthetic agents on pulmonary surfactant.Methods Fifty rabbits were randomly allocated into 5 groups, with 10 each, to inhale no drug(control group,C),55% 60% nitrous oxide(N,group N),4 5% 5 0% diethylether(E,group E),0 8% 1 0% halothane (F,group F), 0 8% 1 0% isoflurane(I,group I) for 4 hrs respectivly.By means of thin layer chromatography technique,their pulmonary surfactant in the whole lung and alveolar lavage were examined qulitatively and quantitativly.Results Nine phospholipids,chlestol and glycerolipid in rabbit pulmonary surfactant were examined qualitatively.Quantitative examination showed that the amount of surfactant of whole lung in group E,F,I was more markedly than that in group N and group C.The amount of surfactant of alvage in group E,F,I was similar to that in group C.However,in group N it was increased significantly.The amount of surfactant of intracellular in group E,F,I was more markedly than that in group N and group C.Compared with group C,the percentage of phosphatidylcholine rose more significantly in whole lung of group E,F,I and in alveolar lavage of group N,E,F,I.Conclusion The amount of surfactant in the alveolar cavety increases after non liposoluble anesthetic agent inhalation.The amount of surfactant in whole lung increases after liposoluble anesthetic agents inhalation,which is mainly retained intracellularly.The percentage of phosphatidylcholine in surfactant rises after four kinds of inhalational anesthetic agents. [