广州市越秀区2008-2009年手足口病流行病学特征

目的探讨广州市越秀区手足口病的流行病学特征,为制定科学的防控措施提供依据。方法统计分析从国家疾病监测信息管理系统获得的越秀区手足口病病例资料。结果广州市越秀区2008-2009年共发生手足口病1331例,2008年发病率为3.96/万,2009年发病率为7.50/万,2009年手足口病的发病率明显上升（χ2=125.7,P〈0.001）。男女比为1.61：1,2～4岁组儿童发病率最高,4-6月为发病高峰,流动人口密集的地区发病率较高,流行期间易在托幼机构中引起暴发。2008年及2009年报告实验室确诊病例为61例和120例,分别占总报告例数的12.71%和13.78%,其中2008年EV71占优势,2009年则是CoxA16占优势。结论手足口病的发生有明显的地区、年龄和时间差异,掌握手足口病流行病学特征,将有助于更好地开展预防和控制工作。

Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Yuexiu distrist of Guangzhou city between 2008 and 2009

Objective To find out the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in the Yuexiu distrist of Guangzhou city from 2008 to 2009.Method Data of HFMD reported from the Yuexiu district were collected through the national disease supervision information management system and analyzed.Results There were 1 331 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease reported in Yuexiu district of Guangzhou.The incidence rate was 3.96/10 000 in 2008 and 7.50/10 000 in 2009.The incidence rate in 2009 was higher than 2008 （χ2=125.7,P=0.000）.The incidence rate of the disease in the age group between 2 to 4 years old was higher than the other age groups.The disease peaked at April-June.The incidence was high in the areas populated with the floating population and kindergartens were also at a higher risk of having disease outbreak.There were 61 and 120 confirmed cases in 2008 and 2009,respectively.EV71 was the major causative agents in 2008,but CoxA16 was the major agent in 2009.Conclusion The incidence rate of HFMD varied in different districts,age groups and seasons.Understanding the epidemiological features of HFMD is essential in the disease prevention.