颈椎转移瘤围术期并发症危险因素分析

目的 观察颈椎转移瘤的围术期并发症,探讨其可能的危险因素.方法 回顾性分析2012年1月-2016年1月在北京大学第三医院接受手术治疗的57例颈椎转移瘤患者的病例资料,术后随访≥12个月或随访至患者死亡.观察患者的视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)、Karnofsky评分、Frankel分级、围术期并发症和术后死亡率等.结果 与术前相比,57例患者术后3个月VAS评分下降(P＜0.00l),Frankel分级改善(P=0.025),Karnofsky评分增加(P＜0.00l).局部复发率为12.3％.围术期死亡率为3.5％,围术期并发症发生率为24.6％.单因素分析显示,术前合并症、Karnofsky评分＜60分、多节段切除、术中出血＞300ml为围术期并发症的危险因素;多因素分析显示,术中出血＞300ml和Karnofsky评分＜60分为围术期并发症的独立危险因素.结论 颈椎转移瘤经手术治疗可有效缓解疼痛,改善神经功能和体力状态,但手术风险较高.该手术的围术期并发症与术前Karnofsk评分、术中出血等因素有关.

Risk factors for perioperative complications of cervical spine metastasis

Objective To observe the perioperative complications for metastatic cervical tumor,and explore their possible risk factors.Methods From January 2012 to January 2016,57 patients undergoing surgery for cervical spine metastasis were retrospectively analyzed,who were followed-up for at least 12 months or until death.Data collected included pain (a 10-point visual analogue scale,VAS),Karnofsky performance status score,neurologic status according to Frankel scale,perioperative complications,postoperative mortality and so on.Results The VAS score decreased significantly postoperation (P＜0.001).The Frankel grade was significantly improved (P=0.025).The Karnofsky score was also significantly improved (P＜0.001).The rate of local recurrence was 12.3％.Perioperative mortality rate (30 days after surgery) was 3.5％.Perioperative complication incidence was 24.6％.Univariate analysis found that comorbidity,preoperative Karnofsky score ＜60,multisegmental resection,and intraoperative blood loss ＞300ml were significant risk factors for the complication.Multivariable analysis showed that iIntraoperative blood loss ＞300ml and preoperative Karnofsky score ＜60 were the independent predictors for the complication.Conclusions Surgical management for cervical spinal metastasis is effective in terms of neurological recovery,pain control,and performance status recovery.However,the surgery had a high risk of complications that special attention should be paid to.Furthermore,complications might be related to preoperative Karnofsky score and intraoperative blood loss.