远程飞行对军事飞行人员健康的影响因素与卫生保障对策

文章对国内外有关军事远程飞行任务对飞行员健康的影响因素及航空卫生保障对策进行了综述。远程飞行的影响因素主要包括长时间的作业任务、座舱环境、生理心理因素等3个方面。远程飞行的航空卫生保障对策包括合理的作息制度、改善座舱环境、不同飞行阶段的对策、催眠与促醒药物的合理使用,以及疲劳监测和管理等5个方面,为今后制订军事飞行人员的卫生保障对策提供参考。

Effects of Long-haul Flights on Military Aircrew and Countermeasures for Aviation Health Security

This paper reviews the effects of military long-haul flights on aircrew and related health security countermeasures at home and abroad.The adverse factors of long-haul flights include the long duration of duty,uncomfortable cabin environment,and psycho-physical differences of pilots.Countermeasures for aviation health security of long-haul flights include rationalization of duty schedules,improvement of the cabin environment,specific countermeasures in different phases of a flight,sleep/wake drug regulations,and warning and surveillance of fatigue.Suggestions are also raised regarding aviation health security countermeasures in the future.