某部急性呼吸道感染病原谱的流行特征

目的调查了解某部队急性呼吸道感染病原体流行情况,为疫情防控提供依据。方法采集该部队急性呼吸道症候群病例咽拭子、血清等标本,采用荧光定量PCR检测呼吸道常见病毒。结果 2年共检测呼吸道感染病例标本801份,阳性299份,阳性率为37.3%。其中2014年检测536份,阳性率为39.9%,病原体主要为季节性H3N2病毒(占57.5%)、腺病毒55型(占40.6%)和乙型流感病毒(占1.9%)。2015年检测265份,阳性率为32.08%,病原体主要为乙型流感病毒(占30.1%)、腺病毒7型(占27.1%)和甲型H1N1病毒(占23.5%),其他为冠状病毒OC43型(占16.5%)和NL63型(占1.2%)。结论当前该部急性呼吸道感染病原体以甲、乙型流感病毒、腺病毒为主,也有冠状病毒检出。做好部队呼吸道病原监测工作,对部队传染病的防控有重要意义。

Epidemic Characteristics of Pathogens of Acute Respiratory Infections in a Military Unit

Objective To investigate the prevalence of acute respiratory infections so as to provide scientific evidence for disease prevention.Methods Pharyngeal swab specimens were collected from patients with acute respiratory syndrome and examined by real time RT-PCR for common respiratory viruses.Results A total of 801 cases with acute respiratory infection were examined in the last two years,299 of which were positive,accounting for 37.33％.In 2014,536 cases were examined,and the positive rate was 39.93％.The main pathogens included H3N2 (57.48％),adenovirus type 55 (40.65％) and influenza B virus (1.87％).In 2015,265 cases were examined,and the positive rate was 32.08％.The main pathogens in 2015 included influenza B virus (30.59％),adenovirus type 7 (27.06％),H1 N1 (23.53％),coronavirus type OC43 (16.47％) and NL63 (1.18％).Conclusion The major pathogenic agents of acute respiratory tract infections in these military units are influenza A、B viruses and human adenovirus.The coronaviruses were also detected in some cases.The results of this study demonstrate that the surveillance of respiratory tract pathogens is of great significance for disease control and prevention in the army.