因胎儿异常引产孕妇产后抑郁的发生情况及其影响因素

目的描述因胎儿异常引产孕妇产后抑郁的发生状况并探讨其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2016年1-10月湖南省某医院产科收治的因胎儿异常选择引产手术的114例孕妇为研究对象。采用自行编制的一般情况问卷、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、社会支持评定量表、易感性人格类型量表等,调查胎儿异常引产孕妇产后抑郁、社会支持以及易感性人格类型得分情况,并分析其主要影响因素。结果胎儿异常引产孕妇爱丁堡产后抑郁量表总分(10.61±3.771)分,产后抑郁检出率为42.98%;居住地、文化水平、孕周、体质指数、社会支持利用度、组织性、表达性等7个因子进入产后抑郁的多元回归方程,共同解释总变异的54.4%(F=20.235,P0.001)。结论胎儿异常引产孕妇产后抑郁的发生率处于较高水平,个体的居住地、文化水平、孕周、体质指数、社会支持利用度、组织性及表达性是其产后抑郁的影响因素。医护人员应根据不同影响因素给予此类孕妇以针对性的护理指导,预防及减少产后抑郁的发生。

Survey of Postpartum Depression and Its Influencing Factors among Women with Termination of Pregnancy for Fetal Abnormality

Objective To describe the status quo of postpartum depression among women with termination of pregnancy for fetal abnormality,and to explore its influencing factors.Methods By convenience sam-pling,114 cases were selected and investigated by using the self-designed demographic questionnaire,the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale,the social support revalued scale and the vulnerable personality style questionnaire.The postnatal depression,social support and score of vulnerable personality were investiga-ted,and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results The total score of Edinburgh postpartum depres-sion scale was (10.61±3.771),the detection rate of postpartum depression was 42.98%.The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that residence,educational background,gestational age,body mass index,so-cial support utilization,organized/expressive personality dimension were the influencing factors of postpar-tum depression,and explained 54.4% of the total variation (F=20.235,P<0.001).Conclusion The level of postpartum depression in women with termination of pregnancy for fetal abnormality is high.Residence, educational background,gestational age,body mass index,social support utilization,organized/expressive personality dimension are the related factors of postpartum depression.Medical staff should give specific guidance according to the different influence factors,in order to prevent and reduce the occurrence of post-partum depression.