硒镉联合作用的不同染毒方式研究

目的研究亚硒酸钠和氯化镉在联合作用时的不同染毒方式。方法检测亚硒酸钠和氯化镉在同时经口染毒时肝肾组织中的硒、镉含量以及同时腹腔注射染毒时镉在肝组织中的含量和在肝细胞器中的分布。结果经口染毒时，氯化镉对低剂量硒染毒时肝肾组织中的硒含量无明显影响，低剂量硒在实验早期可使肝肾组织中的镉含量增高，在实验后期又使肝肾组织中的镉含量下降，高剂量的亚硒酸钠和氯化镉彼此降低其在肝肾组织中的含量。腹腔注射染毒时亚硒酸钠对氯化镉在肝组织中的含量以及在肝细胞器中的分布没有明显影响。结论经口或腹腔注射同时染毒亚硒酸钠和氯化镉仍不失为研究硒镉联合作用的适宜染毒方式。为了避免硒镉形成复合物和硒镉彼此影响吸收，采用经口和腹腔注射的混合染毒方式，值得推荐。

Different Toxicant Exposures in Combined Action of Selenium and Cadmium in vivo

Objective To investigate the different toxicant exposures in combined action of selenium and cadmium in vivo . Method SD rats aged 4 weeks were fed with the diets containing low dose of sodium selenite (0 55 mg/kg) and/or cadmium chloride (33 30 mg/kg), high dose of sodium selenite (5 50 mg/kg) and/or cadmium chloride (33 30 mg/kg). The rats were sacrificed on the week 3, 6, 9 and 12 after oral toxicant exposure and the contents of selenium and cadmium in liver and kidneys were determined. SD rats were administered intraperitoneally with sodium selenite (0 4 mg/kg) and cadmium chloride (1 mg/kg) for 3 days, and the effect of selenium on content and subcellular distribution of cadmium in rat liver was studied. Result Through oral toxicant exposure, cadmium chloride had no significant influence on the content of selenium in liver and kidneys with toxicant exposure of low dose of sodium selenite. Low dose of sodium selenite could increase the content of cadmium in liver and kidneys at early period of the experiment, but decrease the content of cadmium in liver and kidneys at later period. Cadmium and high dose of selenium could lower their contents each other in liver and kidneys. Through intraperitoneal toxicant exposure, the content and subcellular distribution of cadmium in liver were not affected by the injection of sodium selenite simultaneously. Conclusion Toxicant exposure of sodium selenite and cadmium chloride administered simultaneously through diet or intraperitoneally injection was suitable ways to study the combined action of selenium and cadmium. It was suggested that the mixed toxicant exposue, selenium given orally and cadmium administered intraperitoneally, not only avoid formation of selenium cadmium complex, but also avoid inhibition on absorption each other.