胸廓内动脉行冠脉搭桥术的应用解剖学研究

目的了解胸廓内动脉的解剖结构，为临床进行冠状动脉搭桥术提供解剖学资料。方法选取甲醛固定的成人尸体标本40具，胸廓内动脉保留完好。观察记录胸廓内动脉的起始部位和终末分支，以及胸廓内动脉与胸横肌的关系。测量胸廓内动脉的长度和各肋间隙距胸骨侧缘的距离。结果多数胸廓内动脉起自锁骨下动脉第1段，沿胸骨侧缘外侧下行；多数胸廓内动脉在第6肋间隙形成终末分支；多数胸横肌上缘与胸廓内动脉相交在第3肋软骨处。左、右侧胸廓内动脉的长度分别为（19．34±1．69）cm和（18．86±1．73）cm，平均外径为（2．81±0．39）mm和（3．08±0．44）mm。结论胸廓内动脉行冠脉搭桥术是一种可行的搭桥方式，根据解剖学数据，在术中应取用第6肋软骨以上的血管进行吻合。

The applied anatomy study of internal thoracic artery line coronary artery bypass grafting

Objective In order to understand the anatomical structure of thoracic artery, provide the anatomical data for coronary artery bypass surgery in clinical. Methods Select 40 adult body specimen which fixed by formalin （internal thoracic artery intact）. Observe and record the starting position and terminal branch of internal thoracic artery, as well as the relationship between internal thoracic artery and chest transverse. Measure the length of the thoracic artery and the distance from rib clearance to sternum edge. Results In most time thoracic artery come from the first section of subclavian artery, and come along the lateral side of sternum edge then go down. In most time thoracic artery have terminal branch at the sixth intercostal space. In most time the point of intersection of superior margin of transversus thoracis and thoracic artery is at about the third costal cartilage. The length of the right and left lateral thoracic artery are （19.34±1.69）cm and （18.86±1.73）cm, the outside diameter are （2.81±0.39）mm and （3.08±0.44）mm. Conclusion Internal thoracic artery line coronary artery bypass graft- ing is a practical way for heart bypass. According to the anatomic data, on the operation we should use the artery which is superior for the sixth rib cartilage to do the bypass grafting.