长骨血管瘤的影像诊断

目的 分析长骨血管瘤的影像特征,旨在提高其诊断水平.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的18例长骨血管瘤患者的X线平片(14例)、CT(9例)及MRI(6例).结果 18例长骨血管瘤中髓型10例、骨膜型5例、皮质内型3例.X线表现:髓型8例,其中3例表现为典型的蜂窝状,3例为溶骨性病灶周围骨质硬化明显,单纯溶骨、毛玻璃样密度各1例;骨膜型3例,表现为骨皮质增厚、硬化;皮质内型3例,表现为边界清晰的溶骨性病灶.CT表现:髓型6例,表现为溶骨膨胀型病灶5例,其中3例可见薄厚不一的硬化边,蜂窝状骨嵴影2例,骨皮质呈筛孔状1例,垂直于骨皮质的放射状骨膜增生2例;毛玻璃样密度1例.2例骨膜型表现为骨皮质均匀增厚1例,不规则骨膜增厚1例,局部髓腔狭窄消失.1例皮质内病变表现为病灶呈均匀软组织密度,局部皮质膨胀、增厚.MRI表现:2例显示髓腔内斑片状T1WI稍低信号,T2WI均呈稍高信号,边界清晰;1例T1WI及T2WI均呈等或稍低信号,病灶与正常组织分界不清;1例显示病灶突破局部骨皮质,肿物向外突出,外突肿物及相连髓腔部分T1WI呈稍低信号,T2WI呈高信号;2例显示骨膜增厚,其中1例呈等信号,1例无信号;2例周围肌肉组织内可见不均匀斑片状长T2信号,T1WI与肌肉组织呈等信号.结论 长骨血管瘤的囊性蜂窝状X线表现较为特征型;CT及MRI有助于长骨血管瘤的诊断.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the imaing features of hemangioma in the long bone and improve the diagnostic level of this disease. Methods The X-ray(14 cases), CT(9 cases) and MRI(6 cases)findings of 18 patientswith histologically proven hemangioma in the long bone after surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Results Ten tumors occurred in medullary cavity or bone end(medullary type),6 on the surface of bone (periosteal type) and 3 in cortex (intracortical type). X-ray findings: among 8 cases of medullary type, 3 showed honeycomb appearance, 3 lytic areas with sclerotic borders, one purely osteolyticchanges, and 1 frosted glass; 3 cases of periosteal type showed sclerosis and thickening of the underlying cortex; 3 cases of intracortical type showed well-defined osteolytic foci. CT findings: among 6 cases of medullary type, 5 appeared as expansile lytic lesion with uneven selerotic rim (3 cases)orhoneycomb appearance (2 cases), 1 cribriform appearance in the cortical bone, 2 periostealnew bone formation in vertical radiation pattern; 1 ground-glass appearance; among 2 cases of periosteal typeone showed regular cortical thickening, and the other irregular periosteal proliferation with marrowing of medullarycavity; 1 case of intracorticaltype showed density similar to that of soft tissue, with cortical thickening and expansion . MRI findings: 2 apeared as well-defined lesions with low signal intensity on T1WI and high signal intensity on T2WI; 1 appeared as ill-defined lesion with low to intermediate signal intensity on T1 WI and T2 WI. One showed breakthrogh of cortex and formation of soft tissue mass with low signal intensity on T1 WI and high signal on T2WI. Two showed thickening of periosteumwith intermediate signal intensity in one of them and very low signal intensity in the other. Two showed abnormal signal intensity in surrounding muscles, which was high on T2 WI and intermediate on T1 WI. Conclusions The soap-bubble or honeycomb appearance is the typical radiographic finding of hemangioma in long bone. CT and MRI can provide useful information for the diagnosis of hemangioma in long bone.

Imaging features of hemangioma in the long bone

Objective To explore the imaing features of hemangioma in the long bone and improve the diagnostic level of this disease. Methods The X-ray(14 cases), CT(9 cases) and MRI(6 cases)findings of 18 patientswith histologically proven hemangioma in the long bone after surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Results Ten tumors occurred in medullary cavity or bone end(medullary type),6 on the surface of bone (periosteal type) and 3 in cortex (intracortical type). X-ray findings: among 8 cases of medullary type, 3 showed honeycomb appearance, 3 lytic areas with sclerotic borders, one purely osteolyticchanges, and 1 frosted glass; 3 cases of periosteal type showed sclerosis and thickening of the underlying cortex; 3 cases of intracortical type showed well-defined osteolytic foci. CT findings: among 6 cases of medullary type, 5 appeared as expansile lytic lesion with uneven selerotic rim (3 cases)orhoneycomb appearance (2 cases), 1 cribriform appearance in the cortical bone, 2 periostealnew bone formation in vertical radiation pattern; 1 ground-glass appearance; among 2 cases of periosteal typeone showed regular cortical thickening, and the other irregular periosteal proliferation with marrowing of medullarycavity; 1 case of intracorticaltype showed density similar to that of soft tissue, with cortical thickening and expansion . MRI findings: 2 apeared as well-defined lesions with low signal intensity on T1WI and high signal intensity on T2WI; 1 appeared as ill-defined lesion with low to intermediate signal intensity on T1 WI and T2 WI. One showed breakthrogh of cortex and formation of soft tissue mass with low signal intensity on T1 WI and high signal on T2WI. Two showed thickening of periosteumwith intermediate signal intensity in one of them and very low signal intensity in the other. Two showed abnormal signal intensity in surrounding muscles, which was high on T2 WI and intermediate on T1 WI. Conclusions The soap-bubble or honeycomb appearance is the typical radiographic finding of hemangioma in long bone. CT and MRI can provide useful information for the diagnosis of hemangioma in long bone.