青海省人体棘球蚴病现状调查

目的 了解青海省人体棘球蚴病(又称包虫病)流行现状,为制订防治策略提供依据.方法 用分层整群随机抽样法确定调查点.应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测人血清中抗包虫IgG抗体,确定感染率;用B超诊断技术行腹部包虫病筛查.结果 共调查6个县10个点5274人,查出包虫病病人95例,检出率为1.80%;检测血清3989人份,男、女感染率分别为12.01%(198/1649)和16.37%(383/2340),女性高于男性(χ2=14.78,P＜0.01);包虫病感染率、检出率总体上以藏族[18.54%(446/2405)、2.54%(78/3070)]、牧民[24.97%(239/957)、4.78%(50/1046)]和60～＜70岁年龄组[15.81%(34/215)、6.52%(18/276)]较高,地区分布以共和县[24.44%(240/982)、3.95%(41/1037)]和玉树县[20.59%(161/782)、2.99%(32/1070)]较高.结论 青海省包虫病在各调查点均有分布,病情以青南高原和环湖牧区最重.防治工作的重点仍应放在广大牧业区,主要目标人群应针对女性、藏族和牧民.

The current prevalence of human echinococcosis in Qinghai Province

Objective To explore the current prevalence of human echinococcosis in Qinghai Province and to lay the basis for establishing the preventing and controlling strategies.Methods Clustered random sampling was performed in selected survey spots.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and ultrasound techniques were used for detecting human echinococcosis.Results 95 out of 5274 hydatid cases were found from 6 counties of Qinghai Province,with a prevalence of 1.80%.The immunological postitive rates examined by ELISA were 12.01%(198/1649)and 16.37%(383/2340)in male and female,respectively.The positive rate in female was significantly higher than that in male(χ2=14.78,P＜0.01).The infection and prevalence 1evels were generally increased among Tibetan[18.54%(446/2405),2.54%(78/3070)],herders[24.97%(239/957),4.78%(50/1046)]and people aged 60～＜70 years old[15.8l%(34/215),6.52%(18/276)],and were higher in Gonghe County[24.44%(240/982),3.95%(41/1037)]and Yushu County[20.59%(161/782),2.99%(32/1070)].Conclusions Echinococcosis was found in any surveyed area in Qinghai Province.The echinococcosis was severe in the pastoral areas such as the south plateau of Qinghai and places around Qinghai-lake. It is suggested that a strengthened control program should be conducted in the pastoral areas in Qinghai Province,targeting at females,Tibetan and herders people.