Effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy on keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis in condyloma acuminatum

BackgroundThe effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy on keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis in condyloma acuminatum tissues was evaluated.MethodsAn immunohistochemical method and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling were performed to detect the positive expression of the keratinocyte proliferation-related gene Ki-67 and apoptosis, respectively, in condyloma acuminatum tissues.ResultsOf 52 cases, 44 showed positive expression of Ki-67 in condyloma acuminatum keratinocytes before the treatment, with a positive expression rate of 84.62% (44/52), an expression strength of mostly ++ − +++, and a Ki-67 proliferation index of 80.26 ± 5.07%. After treatment, 22 cases showed positive expression of Ki-67 in condyloma acuminatum keratinocytes, with a positive expression rate of 42.31% (22/52), an expression strength of mostly − − ++, and a proliferation index of 42.67 ± 3.06%. The differences in the positive expression rate, expression strength, and proliferation index in the before- and after-treatment groups were statistically significant (χ² = 20.070, P < 0.001). For visible apoptotic cells in condyloma acuminatum keratinocytes before the 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic treatment, the expression strength was mostly + − ++, and the average apoptotic index was 13.94 ± 2.35%; after treatment, the expression strength was mostly ++ − +++, and the average apoptotic index was 73.88 ± 7.65%; the difference in the apoptotic index between the before and after treatment groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001).Conclusion5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of keratinocytes, and represents an effective mechanism for treating condyloma acuminatum.