Australian football players experiencing groin pain exhibit reduced subscale scores of Activities of Daily Living and Sport and Recreation on the HAGOS questionnaire: A case-control study |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia;2. Department of Physical Therapies, Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australia;3. Department of Sports Medicine, Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australia;4. Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark;1. X-Ray department, Musculoskeletal Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Chapeltown Road, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK;2. Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Chapletown Road, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK;1. Physiotherapy Dukenburg Nijmegen, Department of Manual Therapy and Sports Rehabilitation, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;2. Amsterdam Collaboration for Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS), AMC-VUmc IOC Research Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;3. Academic Center for Evidence-Based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, the Netherlands;4. Physiotherapy Utrecht Oost, Department of Manual Therapy and Sports Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands;1. Red Bull Football Academy, Rechte Saalachzeile 58, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria;2. Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia;3. School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia;1. Roald Otten Sportsrehab (Part of J&C Sportsrehab), Amstelveen, the Netherlands;2. Physiotherapy Maarn-Maarsbergen, Maarn, the Netherlands;3. Dutch Institute for Allied Health Care (NPi), Master of Physical Therapy in Sports, Amersfoort, the Netherlands;4. Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, International Olympic Committee Research Center for Prevention of Injury and Protection of Athlete Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;5. Physiotherapy Dukenburg, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;6. Master Musculoskeletal Therapy (SOMT), Amersfoort, the Netherlands;7. Erasmus MC Center for Groin Injuries, Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands;8. Aspetar Sports Groin Pain Centre, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Hospital, Doha, Qatar;9. Sport Medicine and Exercise Clinic Haarlem (SBK), Haarlem, the Netherlands;10. Physiotherapy Utrecht Oost, Utrecht, the Netherlands;11. Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Traumatology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;12. Academic Centre for Evidence Based Sports Medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, the Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesTo report normative responses to the HAGOS questionnaire for Australian football players and to determine whether any of the HAGOS questionnaire sub scales can differentiate players with and without groin pain.DesignCase-control.SettingClinical setting.ParticipantsProfessional (n = 66) and semi-professional (n = 9) Australian football (AF) players with current groin pain (n = 16) and controls (n = 57) without current groin pain.Main outcome measureThe HAGOS subscales were compared between players with and without groin pain using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test with effect sizes (ES) calculated. Floor and ceiling effects were examined. A post-hoc factor analysis was undertaken.ResultsParticipants with current groin pain showed lower Physical Function of Daily Living (PFDL) and Physical Function in Sport and Recreation (PFSR) subscale scores (p < 0.05, ES: 0.77 and 0.90 respectively). Any groin pain (current and/or historical) lowered the Pain and Quality of Life (QOL) subscale scores (p < 0.05, ES: 0.38 and 0.72 respectively). Factor analysis showed 8 significant factors with one main factor identified representing items describing forceful activities (Eigenvalue = 18.02, Proportion = 0.49).ConclusionsThe HAGOS can distinguish AF players with current groin pain in the PFDL and PFSR subscales but not in the other four subscales. Any current or historical groin pain lowers scores on the QOL and Pain sub scales.Level of evidenceAetiology, Individual Case-Control Study, Level 3b |
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| Keywords: | Groin Patient-reported outcome Hip Sports injury Athlete |
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