盆腔肿瘤放疗是否增加二次肿瘤风险的探讨

第二原发性肿瘤（SPC）是肿瘤治疗主要的晚期不良反应之一。据统计,每12位肿瘤幸存者中有1位会发生SPC, 其中超过一半的肿瘤幸存者因SPC死亡。目前,约70%的肿瘤患者会在整个病程中接受放疗,而高剂量辐射是否会增加SPC风险一直备受关注。其中,盆腔肿瘤因为发病率高,且大都需要放疗的参与。本文从SPC可能的发病机制、各种放疗技术的影响、放疗时机的选择,以及男性、女性、儿童盆腔肿瘤放疗等的相关研究出发,针对盆腔放疗是否增加SPC风险做综述。

Whether radiotherapy for pelvic tumor increases the risk of second primary cancer

Second primary cancer (SPC) is one of the main late toxicities of tumor therapy. According to statistics, one out of every 12 cancer survivors will develop SPC, and more than half of the cancer survivors will die of SPC. At present, approximately 70% of cancer patients receive radiotherapy (RT) throughout the course of disease. Whether high‐dose radiation will increase the risk of SPC has captivated widespread attention. Among them, most pelvic tumor patients should receive RT because of the high incidence. In this article, relevant studies of potential pathogenesis of SPC, impact of different RT techniques, selection of RT timing, and RT for male, female and pediatric pelvic tumors were reviewed, aiming to investigate whether pelvic RT will increase the risk of SPC.