学龄前儿童园外运动行为问卷的初步编制及信效度研究

目的 编制《学龄前儿童园外运动行为问卷(P-PAQ)》并验证其信效度,为开展学龄前儿童园外身体活动评估及家庭指导提供有效测量工具。方法 结合我国学龄前儿童的园外运动行为特点,经文献法和专家共识法等编制一套学龄前儿童运动行为问卷。调查儿童过去一周园外(上学日和周末)各强度的运动时间及家长运动观念与行为。采用方便抽样方法于2020年11—12月在北京、沈阳、西安各选取1所幼儿园的学龄前儿童,225名儿童主要养育人间隔2天进行重测。229名儿童连续佩戴一周ActiGraph GT9X加速度计进行效度研究。结果 上学日和周末轻度活动时间、中高强度活动时间及总活动时间的组内重测相关系数(ICC)为0.636~0.844(P＜0.01);效度检验发现两种方法在工作日和周末中高强度活动时间上均有显著相关,相关系数分别为0.153,0.151(P＜0.05)。Bland-Altman散点图显示:问卷法与加速度计法在测量儿童轻度活动、中高强度身体活动及总活动时间上具有良好的一致性。结论 P-PAQ问卷具有良好的可靠性和有效性,可用于学龄前儿童园外期间的运动行为评估并进行针对性指导。

Preliminary development and reliability and validity test of Physical Activity Afterschool Questionnaire for preschooler

Objective To develop a Physical Activity Afterschool Questionnaire for Preschooler (P-PAQ), and to examine its reliability and validity, so as to provide a reliable and effective measurement tool for assessing Chinese preschooler′s physical activity after school. Methods P-PAQ was developed after reviewing the literature and consulting physical activity experts, also integrating with the characteristic of Chinese preschooler′s physical activity after school. The frequency and duration of children′s physical activity after school with various intensities in the past week (including 5 school days and 2 weekend days) was investigated. Recruitment of children aged 3 to 6 years was conducted utilizing a convenience sampling method in three kindergartens from Beijing, Shenyang and Xi′an from November to December 2020. Totally 225 children′s primary caregivers filled in P-PAQ twice with two-day interval to explore the test-retest reliability. Additional 229 children wore accelerometers (ActiGraph GT9X) for one week, then their primary caregivers filled in P-PAQ. Results The intra-group correlation coefficient(ICC) of test-retest on school days and weekends for the light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and total physical activity time ranged from 0.636 to 0.844 (P<0.01). Spearman correlation coefficient between time spent on moderate-to-vigorous activity on schooldays and weekends was 0.153 and 0.151, respectively (P<0.05). Bland-Altman plots showed that P-PAQ and accelerometer had great consistency in measuring preschooler′s physical activity after school. Conclusion P-PAQ has good reliability and validity, which can be used to investigate physical activity behavior of preschool children, and to guide caregivers to improve children′s physical activity level after school in community and family settings.