高仿真股骨头坏死的数字化表达

目的探讨获取具有高度几何相似性的股骨头坏死三维模型的方法。方法同时基于个体股骨头坏死患者的X-Ray、CT和MRI图像,采用图像配准和融合技术对包含坏死股骨头的髋关节进行三维重建。选择1例中年女性股骨头坏死患者,分别获取X-Ray、CT和MRI三套图像,采用Mimics 13.1、Geomagic-Studio 11和Pro/E5.1软件分别基于这三套数据建立相关三维实体模型,经图像投影转换后,确定图像之间的匹配点,进行二维图像配准。结果建立了具有良好几何相似性的股骨头坏死髋关节三维仿真模型,包括正常皮质骨、松质骨、关节软骨和股骨头坏死区、断裂骨小梁等六部份,可清晰显示双侧股骨头坏死区域的空间结构,在虚拟环境中应用不同手术方案进行比较,选择合适的治疗措施,以制订合理的手术方案,提高手术的成功率。结论该模型的建立,为进一步的手术模拟和生物力学分析提供了较理想的研究平台。

Digital application of highly-simulated three-dimensional model for osteonecrosis of femoral head

Objective To acquire highly geometric similar subject-specific three-dimensional (3D) mesh model of femoral head necrosis. Methods Three-dimensional mesh model of hip joint containing necrotic femoral head was established according to individual patient’s X-Ray, CT and MRI by using the image registration and fusion technology. A middle-aged female patient with ONFH was selected, whose X-Ray CT and MRI images were acquired respectively. 3D solid model was established separately based on these images data by Mimics 13.1, Geomagic-Studio 11 and Pro/E 5.1 software. The match points were confirmed and the two-dementional image registration was proceeded after image projection conversion. Results A highly geometric similar subject-specific 3D mesh model for osteonecrosis of femoral head had been established, which included normal cortical bone, cancellous bone, articular cartilage with necrotic zone, and fractured trabecular bone within femoral head. It clearly showed the spatial structure of the bilateral femoral head necrosis area, by which different surgical programs could be compared in a virtual environment for selecting the appropriate treatment measures so as to improve the success rate of surgery. Conclusions The model provides an relatively ideal research platform for further surgical simulation and biomechanical analysis.