“山东疫苗事件”后某县0~6岁儿童预防接种现状调查

目的 了解“山东疫苗事件”对某县儿童预防接种意愿的影响及其接种现状,为接种服务的改善提供科学依据。 方法 2017年3月在某县人群中抽取部分儿童监护人,一对一访谈的方式进行问卷调查。 结果 调查对象“山东疫苗事件”的获知途径主要为电视和手机;不同文化水平、职业、年龄及人均月收入人群中“山东疫苗事件”的知晓率存在差异;儿童家长或看护人是否知晓“山东疫苗事件”对其小孩接种意愿之间差异有统计学意义;调查对象中犹豫和拒绝接种一类、二类疫苗者占77.78%、87.78%;调查对象在接种过程中,存在接种禁忌症未充分告知、二类疫苗价格昂贵、排队时间长等问题;不同职业人群获取疫苗相关信息的途径不同。 结论 “山东疫苗事件”发生后某县0~6岁儿童监护人的接种意愿降低,对疫苗信息关注度高的群体态度变化更明显。

Current status of vaccination in children aged 0-6 years in a county after the vaccine scandal in Shandong Province

Objective To investigate the impact of the vaccine scandal in Shandong Province on the willingness to undergo vaccination and the status quo of vaccination among children in a county, and to provide a scientific basis for the improvement of vaccination services. Methods Part of children's guardians in a county were selected in March 2017, and then one-to-one interviews were performed based on a questionnaire. Results The main ways of acquiring information about the vaccine scandal in Shandong Province in the surveyed subjects were television and mobile phone. There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate of the vaccine scandal in Shandong Province among the subjects with different educational backgrounds, occupations, ages and monthly per capita income as well as in the willingness to undergo vaccination between children’s parents or guardians with and without knowing the vaccine scandal in Shandong Province. The surveyed parents or guardians hesitating and refusing to let their children to receive the first-class and second-class vaccines accounted for 77.78% and 87.78% respectively. There were many problems in the process of inoculation, including parents or guardians not being fully informed about vaccination contraindications, high-price second-class vaccines and the long queue for inoculation. The ways of acquiring vaccine-related information in the surveyed parents or guardians with different occupations were diverse. Conclusions After the occurrence of the vaccine scandal in Shandong Province, the willingness to undergo vaccination in the guardians of children aged 0-6 years in the county is decreased; moreover, the attitude changes of parents or guardians with high attention to vaccine-related information are more apparently.