大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬煤尘颗粒的实验研究

本实验用相差显微电影、溶酶体荧光定位和透射电镜等方法,研究了大鼠离体肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬煤尘的作用,并用二氧化矽和酵母菌作实验对照。结果表明,煤尘颗粒同二氧化矽类似,经过附着,迅速以吞噬体形式被摄入胞浆,而酵母菌呈典型的伪足包围和缓幔吞噬过程。实验证明,用吖啶橙作活细胞溶酶体定位是有效的。被标记的溶酶体发出强橙色荧光。当煤粒吞噬体进入胞浆后,常被多个溶酶体接触包围,形成次级溶酶体。电镜观察提示,煤尘可引起次级溶酶体膜的损害。

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF COAL DUST ON RATS PULMONARY ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE

The coal dust effects on rat alveolar macrophage in vitro were observed by phase-contrast microscopy, time lapse cine-microphotography, acridine orange-labelled in living macrophages and by electron microscopy. The silica and yeast were used as control experiments. The coal dusts like the silica, when added, were adherented and engulfed rapidly in cytoplasm. But the yeast was engulfed slowly by formation of pseudopodia. The orientation of lysosomes by acridine orange-labelled was confirmed effectively. In vital cells, within a few hours, numerous lysosomes clustered around the phagosomes which contained the dust particles, and then the secondary lysosome was formed. The coal dusts are similar as the silica, which destroy the membranes of the secondary lysosomes. The died macrophages were seen to be filled with coal dusts.