广东省2005-2007年麻疹病原学监测

目的 开展有效的麻疹病原学监测,分离麻疹病毒,了解广东省2005-2007年流行的麻疹野病毒分离株基因特征,为控制、消除麻疹提供科学依据.方法 用Veto/Slam细胞从暴发和散发麻疹疑似病例的咽拭子和尿液标本中分离麻疹病毒,并对所有分离到的麻疹病毒通过逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法,扩增出核蛋白(N)基因碳末端450个核苷酸片段,对其产物测定基因序列以定型.结果 2005-2007年共收到380份标本,包括咽拭子或尿液标本.共分离到82株麻疹野病毒.2005年病毒分离率为23.58%,2006年病毒分离率为17.11%,2007年病毒分离率为39.13%.病毒分离成功率与病例出疹天数和标本的采集质量有密切关系.结论 我省已经掌握了麻疹病毒的分离和分子生物学鉴定技术,分离率较高;我省多年来流行的麻疹毒株均为H1基因型,与国内流行的优势基因型一致.

Measles pathogenic surveillance from 2005 to 2007 in Guangdong Province

Objective To develop pathogenic surveillance on measles and to effectively isolate measles virus. To know the genetic characterizations and molecular epidemiology of wildtype measles viruses from 2005 to 2007 in Guangdong Province,and provide the scientific basis for measles control and eradication. Methods Vero/ Slam cell line were used,measles viruses were isolated from throat swabs or urine specimens collected from uspected measles patients in outbreaks and sporadic patienta. A 450 nucleotides fragment of the C-terminal of the nucleoprotoin (N) gene was amplified and by RT-PCR and subjected to scquenee and phylngenetie analysis using Bio-Edit software. Results 82 wild-type measels virus were obtained from 377 throat swabs and urine specimens from 2005 to 2007 in Guangdong Province measles lab. The measles isolation rate was 23.58 % in 2005,17.11% in 2006,39.13% in 2007.The succeed rate of virus isolation is related to the quality of specimens collected and the days after rash occurrence. Conclusions We have grasped the techniealability of measles virus isolation and confirm action,and got higher isolation ratio. The wild-type measles virus isolated from Guangdong Province is of H1 genotype from 2005 to 2007,which is the same as the dominant genotype circulation.