2005-2019年中国538株脑膜炎奈瑟菌抗生素耐药性分析

目的:分析2005-2019年中国538株脑膜炎奈瑟菌抗生素耐药性特征。方法:收集中国2005-2019年30个省份538株脑膜炎奈瑟菌,参考临床和实验室标准化协会(CLSI)抗微生物药物敏感性试验执行标准,选用11种推荐抗生素,采用梯度扩散法检测脑膜炎奈瑟菌的抗生素敏感性。结果:538株脑膜炎奈瑟菌对阿奇霉素、美洛培南、氯霉素、利福平、头孢曲松等5种抗生素均敏感,无耐药菌株出现。对其他6种抗生素敏感性分别为:头孢噻肟(97.4%,524株)、氨苄西林(87.7%,472株)、青霉素(84.8%,456株)、米诺环素(95.2%,512株)、环丙沙星(24.9%,134株)、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲基异噁唑(11.2%,60株)。结论:中国2005-2019年538株脑膜炎奈瑟菌对阿奇霉素、美洛培南、氯霉素、利福平、头孢曲松等5种抗生素均敏感,应关注对头孢噻肟、氨苄西林和青霉素等不敏感和耐药的菌株,不再推荐环丙沙星和磺胺甲基异噁唑作为临床救治和预防性服药首选药物。

Analysis on antimicrobial sensitivity of Neisseria meningitidis in China from 2005 to 2019

Objective To analyze the antimicrobial resistance characteristics of 538 Neisseria meningitidis isolated from 2005 to 2019 in China.Method Total of 538 Neisseria meningitidis strains collected from 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2019.Antimicrobial susceptibility test were performed based on the standards of clinical and laboratory standardization association(CLSI)including 11 recommended antibiotics.Gradient diffusion method was used to detect the antibiotic sensitivity of Neisseria meningitidis.Results All 538 strains were sensitive to azithromycin,meropenem,chloramphenicol,rifampicin and ceftriaxone.As to other six antibiotics,the antibiotics sensitivity rates were cefotaxime(97.4%,524 strains),ampicillin(87.7%,472 strains),penicillin(84.8%,456 strains),minocycline(95.2%,512 strains),ciprofloxacin(24.9%,134 strains)and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole(11.2%,60 strains)respectively.Conclusions Neisseria meningitidis isolated from 2005-2019 in China were all sensitive to azithromycin,meropenem,chloramphenicol,rifampicin and ceftriaxone.It should highlight Neisseria meningitidis resistant to cefotaxime,ampicillin and penicillin.Ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole are not recommended as the priority choice for clinical treatment and prophylactic medication.