Effects of a chewing gum containing phosphoryl oligosaccharides of calcium (POs-Ca) and fluoride on remineralization and crystallization of enamel subsurface lesions in situ |
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| Authors: | Kitasako Yuichi Tanaka Miyuki Sadr Alireza Hamba Hidenori Ikeda Masaomi Tagami Junji |
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| Affiliation: | aCariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan;bGlobal Center of Excellence Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan;cFaculty of Dentistry School for Dental Technology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
ObjectivesManufacturers are adding fluoride (F) to calcium-containing chewing gums to further promote enamel remineralization. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a chewing gum containing phosphoryl oligosaccharides of calcium (POs-Ca) and fluoride on remineralization of enamel subsurface lesions, in a double-blind, randomized controlled in situ trial.MethodsThirty-six volunteer subjects wore removable buccal appliances with three different insets of bovine enamel with subsurface demineralized lesions. For 14 days the subjects chewed one of the three chewing gums (placebo, POs-Ca, POs-Ca + F), three times a day. After each treatment period, the insets were removed from the appliance, embedded, sectioned, polished and then subjected to laboratory tests; mineral level was determined by transverse microradiography (TMR; n = 36), and hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystallites were assessed by synchrotron radiation wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXRD; n = 13). Data were analysed by t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test with Bonferroni corrections at 0.05 significance level.ResultsChewing POs-Ca and POs-Ca + F gums resulted in 21.9 ± 10.6 and 26.3 ± 9.4 (mean ± SD) percentage mineral recovery, which was significantly higher than that of placebo gum (15.0 ± 11.4) (p < 0.05). Chewing POs-Ca + F gum resulted in 24.9 ± 5.4 (mean ± SD) percentage HAp crystallites recovery, which was significantly higher compared to POs-Ca (16.0 ± 4.1%) or placebo (11.1 ± 4.8%) gums (p < 0.05).ConclusionsAddition of POs-Ca to the chewing gum resulted in significant remineralization of enamel subsurface lesions. Although POs-Ca + F gum was not superior in TMR recovery rate when compared with POs-Ca gum, WAXRD results highlighted the importance of fluoride ion bioavailability in the formation of HAp crystallites in enamel subsurface lesions in situ (NCT01377493). |
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| Keywords: | Chewing gum Enamel subsurface lesion Calcium additives Fluoride In situ |
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