膝关节前交叉韧带重建兔模型的建立*☆

背景：传统前交叉韧带重建造模腱骨界面愈合缓慢，造模时间较长。 目的：通过在腱骨界面注入以纤维蛋白胶为载体的重组人骨形态发生蛋白2复合物，建立造模周期更短、更完善的兔膝关节前交叉韧带重建动物模型。方法：取成年新西兰兔同侧半腱肌肌腱作为自体移植材料，建立双侧前交叉韧带重建动物模型，建模后随机分为模型组、纤维蛋白胶组，空白对照组和正常组。模型组在移植腱骨隧道界面注射填充以纤维蛋白胶作为载体的重组人骨形态发生蛋白2，纤维蛋白胶组在重建术后腱骨界面仅填充纤维蛋白胶，空白对照组在重建术后腱骨界面不作任何填充，正常组则不予手术，保留正常的前交叉韧带。各组分别于术后第4和8周取材，进行生物力学检测。结果与结论：模型组最大载荷和刚度在术后4和8周与纤维蛋白胶组和空白对照组相比均增强(P < 0.01)。由此可见，实验成功建立了双侧前交叉韧带重建动物模型，以纤维蛋白胶作为载体的重组人骨形态发生蛋白2可以在术后早期提高腱骨界面的最大载荷和刚度，促进了腱骨界面的愈合，缩短了重建动物模型的实验周期。

Establishment of a rabbit anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction model

BACKGROUND: The tendon-bone interface heals slowly in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction model prepared by traditional method and requires long modeling periods.OBJECTIVE: To improve the strength and speed of tendon-bone healing and build up an animal model of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by injecting fibrin glue (FG) containing recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) into the interface between the tendon graft and the bone tunnel.METHODS: Healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were prepared anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction models using its semitendinosus tendons. The FG containing rhBMP-2 was applied to the part of the graft that went into the bone tunnel in the model group. The control group received either FG without rhBMP-2 or no FG. There was no operation in the normal group. Specimens were collected at 4, 8 weeks after surgery respectively for biomechanical test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The ultimate load and stiffness of the model group were greater than those of the control and FG groups at the individual 4- and 8-week time points (P < 0.01). These findings show that rhBMP-2 could improve the ultimate load to failure and stiffness in the tendon-bone interface after early ACL reconstruction. The modeling period of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is shortened by new methods.