下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症血管重建197例分析

目的 探讨传统外科手术、血管腔内治疗和杂交手术在下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症血管重建中的应用.方法 回顾性分析1998年1月至2008年12月接受血管重建手术的197例下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症患者临床资料,其中外科手术77例,血管腔内治疗82例,杂交手术38例.探讨3种血管重建方法的适应证、治疗效果、并发症及围手术期死亡率.结果 外科手术成功率97.4%(75/77),腔内治疗90.24%(74/82),杂交手术81.58%(31/38).随访2～112个月,平均随访46个月,随诊率71%(164/197).远期通畅率在主髂和股腘动脉中外科手术(57%和51%)高丁腔内治疗(48%和42%),但差异无统计学意义;远期通畅率在多节段病变和动脉狭窄并血栓形成中杂交手术(54%、26%、28%)明显高于其他方法(48%、23%).并发症在主髂和股腘动脉中外科手术(31%、12%)明显高于血管腔内治疗(31%、11%),在多节段病变(36%)明显高于腔内治疗和杂交手术(12%、15%).外科手术对于主髂和多节段动脉病变的围手术期死亡率分别为1.5%、2.0%,其他部位病变为0%;血管腔内治疗和杂交手术均为0%.结论 对于主髂和股腘动脉,外科于术是长段闭塞性病变、血管腔内治疗是短段非闭塞性病变的首选.杂交手术对多节段病变和动脉狭窄并血栓形成更具优势.对于膝下病变,血管腔内治疗能取得较好疗效,但远期通畅率不佳.

Revascularization of arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremity

Objective To evaluate traditional surgical treatment, intraluminal strategy and hybrid operation on revascularization of atherosclerosis obliterans (ASO) of the lower extremity. Methods Clinical data of 197 ASO cases receiving revascularization from January, 1998 to December, 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Seventy-seven cases underwent surgical treatment, 82 cases received intraluminal therapy, and 38 cases were treated by hybrid operation. The indications, clinical effect, complication and perioperational mortality of these three strategies were evaluated. Results 71% patients (164 cases) were followed up from 2 to 112 months. Surgical and intraluminal method had no statistical difference on long-term patency of aortic-iliac and femoral-popliteal artery (57% vs. 51%;48% vs. 42%). Hybrid procedure led to higher patency on multi-level lesion and concurrent thrombosis. The complications after surgery was higher than intraluminal on aortic- iliac and femoral-popliteal artery (31% vs. 12%;31% vs. 11%), and higher than intraluminal and hybrid on multi-level lesion (36% vs. 12% vs. 15%). The perioperative mortality of surgical group was 1.5% and 2.0% on aortic-iliac and multilevel lesion and 0% on other site;and that of intraluminal and hybrid procedure was 0%. Conclusion For aortic-iliac and femoral-popliteal artery revascularization, surgery was preferred in cases of long occlusive lesion and intervention was preferred for cases with short non-occlusive lesion. Hybrid procedure was the best for multi-level and concurrent thrombosis.