湘西自治州甲型H1N1流感血清流行病学调查

目的 了解湘西自治州人群甲型H1N1流感病毒感染状况和免疫水平,分析流感流行趋势,为制定针对性的防治措施提供依据.方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,于2010年1月4月8月共选取675人进行问卷调查,并采集血液标本进行甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝抗体检测.结果 在不同季节,不同职业人群中H1抗体阳性率不同(P＜0.05),同时在出现过急性呼吸道症以及接种过甲型H1N1流感疫苗的人群中H1抗体阳性率相对较高(P＜0.05).H1抗体GMT呈现季节性变化(P＜0.05),在不同年龄,不同职业人群中抗体水平大小差异有统计学意义(P＜ 0.05,P＜ 0.01).调查还发现发现出现过急性呼吸道症人群中抗体GMT和中位数高于未出现呼吸道症状者(P＜ 0.001)；接种过甲型H1N1流感疫苗者抗体GMT和中位数也同样高于未接种者(P＜ 0.001).在不同性别和民族人群中,抗体的阳性率和水平大小无统计学差异.结论 目前湘西地区甲型H1N1流感已经得到有效控制,但鉴于人群中保护性抗体水平季节性变化,下一阶段重点是定期开展快速的血清学监测,并且继续对高危人群实施甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种.

Seroepidemiological Survey on the Influenza A(H1N1) in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefectures

OBJECTIVE To investigate the infection status of influenza A(H1N1) and the immunity level in Xiangxi and analyze the epidemic trend,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.METHODS By multi-stage stratified random sampling method,a total of 675 individuals from Xiangxi autonomous prefectures were selected in January,April and August 2010.All the collected data from questionnaires was analyzed by seroepidemiological methods.The antibodies of influenza A(H1N1) viruses were detected by the hemagglutination-inhibition test.RESULTS In different seasons,different occupational groups,H1 antibodes’ positive rate was significantly different(P﹤0.05),and H1 antibodes’ positive rate was relatively high in the population suffered from acute respiratory disease and vaccinated against H1N1 influenza vaccine(P﹤0.05).H1 antibodes’ GMT showed seasonal changes(P﹤0.05).The level of H1 antibody were significantly different at different ages,different occupational groups(P ﹤ 0.05,P ﹤ 0.01).Moreover the survey also found that H1 antibodes’ GMT and the median were significantly higher in the population suffered from acute respiratory disease and vaccinated against H1N1 influenza vaccine(P﹤0.001,P﹤0.001).In addition,the positive rate and the level of H1 antibody were not significant difference in different gender and ethnic groups.CONCLUSION The current H1N1 flu of Xiangxi has been relatively effective control.In view of the crowd seasonal variation of protective H1 antibody,we should carry out rapid serological monitoring regularly and continue to implement the H1N1 influenza vaccine for high-risk groups.