肾移植患者术前健康教育需求调查与分析

目的:探讨肾移植患者术前健康教育需求及干预措施。方法:用自制问卷和2个开放式问题通过电话和面谈的形式调查肾移植患者术前健康教育的需求。结果:患者对健康教育方式的需求依次为:与有移植术体验的患者交流、家庭访视、与主管医生见面、书面材料、专题讲座、电话咨询;患者对健康教育内容的需求依次为:术后身体恢复程度、恢复至正常生活的时间、肾移植相关知识、术后自身变化、详细手术过程、术前准备、饮食指导、自我精神调节。结论:肾移植患者在等待肾源期间健康教育特别重要,健康教育方式需求多样化,其中与有过移植手术体验的患者交流是患者最易接受的健康教育方式。

Anglysis of the demand of health education of kidney transplantation patients before operation

Objective: To explore the health education and intervention measures of kidney transplantation patients before operation. Methods: Questionnaire, telephone and personal interview were used to make investigation before operation. Results: The demand of the way of health education sequentially: contact with kidney transplantation patients after operation, talk with doctor or nurse, read the book about kidney transplantation, participate in symposium and telephone counseling. The need of the content of health education sequentially: recovery, change after operation, the knowledge of kidney transplantation, preoperative preparation dietary instruction and how to adjust emotion. Conclusion: The way of health education is variety, contact with the patients who had been completed the operation is the most lovely way for kidney transplantation patients.