巨块型肝癌后腹膜侵犯病变的滋养血供来源与经动脉化学治疗栓塞

目的 通过分析巨块型肝癌伴后腹膜侵犯病变的滋养动脉血供来源及数字减影血管造影表现特点,探索完全性阻塞肿瘤血液供应的方法.方法 对75例巨块型肝癌伴后腹膜侵犯病变的患者通过肝动脉途径超选择性动脉插管并行完全性化学治疗栓塞术,对其病变区的碘油沉积与CT或MRI的结果显示不符合者,找寻其潜在的肿瘤滋养动脉并行超选择性插管化学治疗栓塞术,术后行CT或MRI检查以评价治疗效果.结果 75例巨块型肝癌后腹膜侵犯病变患者首次肝癌经导管肝动脉化学治疗栓塞术术前发现14例分支供血,经1～4次肝癌经导管肝动脉化学治疗栓塞术治疗后发现61例分支供血.后腹膜病变大部分或全部由肝外侧支动脉滋养的患者分别为24例、51例.后腹膜病变滋养动脉为右侧膈下动脉后支48例,为右侧肾上腺动脉25例,为右侧第1腰动脉2例.超选择性肿瘤滋养动脉插管成功75例.栓塞术后3～6个月CT复查,病变区碘油完全充填72例、大部分充填3例,病变明显缩小、缩小、变化不明显分别为55例、15例、5例.术后6、12、24、36个月生存人数分别为68、61、37、30例.结论 超选择性插管行肝癌经导管肝动脉化学治疗栓塞术的成功率及安全性高、临床疗效显著,肿瘤滋养动脉完全性充填栓塞可提高患者的生存率及生活质量.

The origin of the feeding artery of the retroperitoneal invasion caused by massive hepatocellular carcinoma and the treatment with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

Objective To analyze the origin of the feeding artery of the retroperitoneal invasion caused by massive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the characteristics of DSA. To explore the approaches to completely embolize the tumor blood supply and to assess the technical success rates, the safety and effectiveness with a purpose of improving the patients' survival rates and living quality. Methods After complete ultraselective arterial embolization via hepatic artery for the 75 patients with retroperitoneal invasion led by massive HCC, those showing lipiodol deposition inconsistance compared with CT or MRI underwent the ultraselective catheterization to find potential tumor feeding arteries and then the subsequent chemoembolization. 3-6 months after operation CT or MRI was used to evaluate the efficacy. Results Retroperitoneal lesions were supplied by the posterior branch of right inferior phrenic artery (64%, 48/75), the right adrenal artery (33.3%, 25/75) and the right-side first lumbar artery (2.7%, 2/75), respectively. The success rates of ultraselective catheterization to tumor feed arteries was 100% (75/75). 3-6 months after embolization, the cases of complete and most-part iodine oil filling in the lesions were 72 (96%) and 3 (4%)respectively. The sizes of the lesions showed significant reduce (55, 73.3%), reduce (15, 20%) and no change (5,6.7%). Survival rates of 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after TACE were 90.7% (68/75), 81.3% (61/75), 49.3% (37/75) and 40% (30/75) respectively. Conclusion The supply arteries of retroperitoneal invasion led by massive HCC come from the posterior branch of right phrenic artery, the right adrenal artery and the right first lumbar artery. Ultraselective TACE has high technical success rates, hight safety, and excellent effectiveness.The complete embolization of tumor feed artery can significantly increase the survival rates and living quality of these patients.