Associations of anxiety sensitivity and emotional symptoms with the subjective effects of alcohol,cigarettes, and cannabis in adolescents |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States;2. University of North Texas, Department of Psychology, Denton, TX, United States;3. University of Houston, Department of Psychology, Houston, TX, United States;4. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Behavioral Science, Houston, TX, United States;5. Veterans Affairs, Palo Alto Health Care System, Center of Excellence in Substance Abuse Treatment and Education (CESATE), Menlo Park, CA, United States;6. University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, United States;7. University of Southern California, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, United States;1. Pluryn, Research & Development, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;2. Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;3. ASU REACH Institute, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA;4. Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, USA;1. Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States;2. Department of Marketing, Goizueta Business School, Emory University, 1300 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States;3. Deparment of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States;4. Deparment of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States;1. Institute for Therapy and Health Research, Harmsstraße 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany;2. Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Kiel, Olshausenstraße 62, 24118 Kiel, Germany;3. Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
Maladaptive emotional traits (anxiety sensitivity [AS], fear of anxiety-related sensations and consequences) and symptoms (major depressive disorder [MDD] and generalized anxiety disorder [GAD] symptoms) could play a role in altering sensitivity to the subjective effects of drugs of abuse in adolescents. Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of high school students in Los Angeles, CA, USA who completed surveys and reported past six-month use of alcohol (n = 1054), cigarettes (n = 297), or cannabis (n = 706). At each of the four semi-annual waves during mid-adolescence (14–16 years old), students reported positive and negative subjective drug effects experienced in the prior six-months. Controlling for covariates and the simultaneous covariance across the three domains of emotional dysfunction, AS was associated with more positive and negative cannabis effects (βs = 0.09–0.16, ps < 0.05), and MDD symptoms were associated with fewer negative cigarette effects (β = − 0.13, p = 0.04) and more negative cannabis effects (β = 0.10, p = 0.004). The acceleration of positive alcohol and cannabis effects over time was slower among adolescents with higher baseline MDD (MDD × time: β = − 0.04, p = 0.044) and GAD (GAD × time: β = − 0.05, p = 0.03) symptoms, respectively. These findings suggest that emotional dysfunction factors show differential and overlapping effects on subjective drug effects, which may vary across time. Future research should investigate emotional dysfunctions and subjective drug effects in relation to substance use across adolescence and emerging adulthood. |
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