济南市城区3～7岁儿童气质研究

目的 了解济南市城区3～7岁儿童气质特点及类型分布。方法 采用Thomas和Chess《3～7岁儿童气质量表》,对济南市城区3～7岁正常儿童2042名进行气质调查。结果难养型占9.7％(198/2 042),启动缓慢型占6.81％(139/2 042),易养型占38.77％(793/2042);启动缓慢型及女童易养型有明显年龄差异;6岁组气质类型分布变化较大,中间近难养型、启动缓慢型有明显性别差异;气质的多个维度有性别和年龄差异。结论 气质类型及维度的性别及年龄差异以6岁组最为明显。

Survey on characteristics and type distribution of temperament in 3-7 years old Children in Jinan

Objective To estimate the characteristics and type distribution of temperament in 3-7 years old children in Jinan. Method The Parent Temperament Questionnaire proposed by New York Longiunal was used to investigate the characteristics and type distribution of temperament in 2 042 3- 7 years old children in Jinan. Results The difficult children accounted for 9. 7 % (198/2042) of the sampling population, slow-to-warm-up for 6. 81 % (139/2 042) and easy for 38.77 % (793/2 042), The girls' proportion of intermediate high type was more than boys'in 6 years old children, the boys'proportion of slow-to-warm-up type was more than the girls'. The proportion of slow-to-warm-up and easy of girls showed significant difference across age groups . The scores of dimensions of temperament showed age and sex differences . Conclusion The differences of temperament typc and dimension in age and sex were very obvious in 6 years old children.