宁波地区1268例变应性鼻炎吸入性变应原调查分析

目的调查宁波地区引发变应性鼻炎的主要吸入性变应原种类。方法采用23种标准化变应原对宁波地区1268例变应性鼻炎患者进行皮肤点刺试验，筛选致敏变应原。调查对象中，少年组370例（6～18岁），成人组898例（18岁以上），分析两组间的变应原差异。结果变应原皮肤试验阳性者844例，总阳性率66.56%；其中少年组292例（78.92%），成人组552例（61.47%）。成人组变应原阳性率居前5位的是粉尘螨、屋尘螨、干草尘埃、胶乳、狗上皮，少年组为粉尘螨、屋尘螨、狗上皮、猫上皮、动物毛Ⅰ；少年组粉尘螨、屋尘螨阳性率高于成人组。结论尘螨是宁波地区最重要的吸入性变应原，尤以儿童患者为最。

Investigation of prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens in 1268Ningbo patients with allergic rhinitis

Objective To investigate the main kinds of aeroallergens responsible for allergic rhinitis in Ningbo region based on a clinical epidemiological survey. Methods Included in this study were 1 268 cases with allergic rhinitis in Ningbo region, among whom skin-prick test （SPT） was performed with 23 kinds of standardized aeroallergens to screen the sensitive allergens responsible for their allergic condition, of these cases,370 were grouped in the sub-population of children（6-18 years old） and 898 were grouped in the sub-population of adult （more than 18 years old）. Thereafter, analyzed was the difference in the distribution of sensitive allergens in different groups of cases. Results In this group of patients, 844 were determined with positive reaction to some of the aeroallergens tested here, with a total positive rate of 66.56%. Out of them, 292 were children （79.92%）, with the most prevalent allergens at the first 5 ranks being D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus, dogepithelia, cat epithelia and animal hair group Ⅰ, and 552 were adults （61.47%）, with the most prevalent allergens at the first 5 ranks being D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus, hay dust, latex and dog epithelia, showing significantly higher positive rates of D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus in children that that in adults. Conclusions It is shown that dust mite should be the most importantly prevalent kind of aeroallergen for allergic rhinitisin Ningbo region,especially among children.