苏州市中老年女性骨质疏松症的患病状况及影响因素研究

目的 探究苏州市部分地区中老年女性骨质疏松病的患病状况及影响因素。方法 采用超声骨密度检测仪检测2016年6月至2018年5月在苏州市立医院北区体检中心行健康体检的且在苏州市常住的中老年（40~69岁）女性300人的骨密度，计算骨质疏松症（osteoporosis，OP）的患病率。同时采用自制调查问卷和国际骨质疏松基金会测试题目筛查OP的影响因素。结果 300名研究对象的OP总发病率为39.00%。年龄、饮酒、吸烟、BIM、每周运动时间、每周饮奶量、产次及绝经状态在非OP和OP患者比较中有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。多因素分析表明，高龄、饮酒、吸烟、肥胖、多产次及绝经是影响OP发生的高危因素。结论 苏州市中老年女性骨质疏松症的患病率较高。骨质疏松症受多种因素的影响，控制产次、减少饮酒和吸烟、合理控制体重及增加运动次数和牛奶的摄入均可降低骨质疏松症的发生。

Prevalence and influencing factors of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women in parts of Soochow

Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of osteoporosis among middle-aged and elderly women in some areas of Soochow. Methods The bone mineral density (BMD) of 300 normal women aged from 40 to 69 years who took the physical exam in the north district of Soochow Municipal Hospital from June 2016 to May 2018 was measured by ultrasonic bone density detector. And the incidence of osteoporosis was calculated. At the same time, the influencing factors of osteoporosis were screened by self-made questionnaire and International Osteoporosis Foundation. Results The total incidence of OP in the study was39.00%. Age, drinking, smoking, BIM, number of movements, milk, parity and menopausal status were statistically significant between non-OP and OP patients (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that age, drinking, smoking, obesity, prolificacy and menopause were the risk factors of OP disease.Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis is high in middle-aged and old women in some areas of Suzhou. The effect of osteoporosis is affected by many factors. The incidence of osteoporosis can be reduced by controlling production, reducing drinking and smoking, rational control of weight, increasing the number of exercises and intake of milk.