Transmission of mycobacterium tuberculosis to and from children and adolescents |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of General Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;2. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;1. Taussig Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;2. Digestive Disease Institute, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;3. Digestive Disease Institute, HPB and Liver Transplant Program, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
Although adult-type pulmonary tuberculosis frequently arises from a long-dormant infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, children usually develop tuberculosis as a direct complication of the initial infection. Adults with pulmonary tuberculosis frequently are infectious, but children with typical primary tuberculosis—enlarged hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes with or without bronchial obstruction and subsequent atelectasis—rarely, if ever, transmit the organism to others. This article reviews the pathophysiology of pediatric tuberculosis and the published evidence concerning transmission of M tuberculosis to and from children and adolescents. Children with congenital tuberculosis or older children with the characteristics of adult-type tuberculosis should be considered potentially infectious. However, there is no evidence that children with primary-type tuberculosis infect other individuals. Recommendations are made concerning the handling of children with suspected tuberculosis and their family members in pediatric healthcare settings. Copyright © 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company |
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