变应性鼻炎和非变应性鼻炎临床特征比较

目的探讨变应性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis,AR）和非变应性鼻炎（non-allergic rhinitis,NAR）临床特征的差异。方法选取2010年1月～2010年12月在我院门诊就诊的AR和NAR患者1647例,通过病史采集、皮肤点刺实验（skin fastinsertion test,SPT）、鼻分泌物涂片嗜酸性粒细胞计数和血清总IgE检查等评价分析两者的差异。结果鼻炎患者中AR占72.4%,NAR占2 7.6%;AR患者发病年龄（25.8±1 3.5）岁,显著低于NAR患者发病年龄（31.4±16.0）岁,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;AR发病有明显的季节性,NAR发病受季节性影响不大。鼻部症状中,AR易出现打喷嚏（AR,88.4%;NAR,47.9%）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;鼻痒症状AR占8 4.4%,NAR占4 3.6%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;而NAR易出现鼻塞（NAR,9 6.3%,AR,9 1.2%）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）和流涕（NAR,9 3.5%,AR,91.8%）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。AR患者鼻分泌物涂片嗜酸性粒细胞比例占50.1%±33.1%,血总IgE（359.7±323.4）IU/ml,且显著高于NAR患者20.1%±30.5%,123.0IU/ml±205.6 IU/ml,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P均〈0.001）。结论 AR与NAR在发病年龄、发病季节、临床症状、鼻分泌物涂片嗜酸性粒细胞比例和血总IgE上有明显差异。

Clinical characteristics of non-allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis

Objective To describe the differences between allergic rhinitis（AR） and nonallergic rhinitis（NAR）.Methods The differences between AR and NAR were assessed using disease survey,skin prick test（SPT）,nasal smear and serum total IgE,in 1647 patients with rhinitis.Results A total of 72.4% of the subjects with rhinitis had AR,whereas 27.6% had NAR.The onset ages were significantly different between AR and NAR（25.8±13.5 vs 31.4±16.0,P〈0.001）.There was significantly seasonal diversity in AR,while there was no seasonal diversity in NAR.As for the clinical symptoms,AR patients had more sneezing（88.4% vs 47.9%,P〈0.001） and nasal pruritus（84.4% vs 43.6%,P〈0.001）,whereas NAR was characterized mainly by nasal obstruction（96.3% vs 91.2%,P〈0.001） and rhinorrhea（93.5% vs 91.8%,P〈0.05）.The differences of eosinophil in nasal smear（50.1±33.1% vs 20.1±30.5%,P〈0.001） and serum total IgE（359.7 IU/ml±323.4 IU/ml vs 123.0 IU/ml±205.6 IU/ml,P〈0.001） between AR and NAR were statistically significant.Conclusion There were significant differences between AR and NAR in sex,age,seasons,clinic symptoms,eosinophil in nasal smear and serum total IgE.