广州地区变应性鼻炎与非变应性鼻炎临床特征的研究

目的　了解广州地区变应性鼻炎和非变应性鼻炎患者在年龄、性别和发病季节的特征和差异，并且探讨近10年两者比例的变化趋势。方法　5486例鼻高反应症状患者分为变应性鼻炎组和非变应性鼻炎组，对两组患者的临床特征资料进行分析。结果　广州地区近10年变应性鼻炎与非变应性鼻炎的比例无明显变化趋势。变应性鼻炎与非变应性鼻炎均以男性患者为主，性别差异有统计学意义。变应性鼻炎患者年龄小于非变应性鼻炎患者年龄，变应鼻炎男性患者发病年龄低于女性患者，而非变应性鼻炎发病年龄在性别分布上无明显差异。随年龄增加变应性鼻炎患者比例逐渐下降而非变应性鼻炎比例逐渐增加。本地区变应性鼻炎在夏季高发，而非变应性鼻炎则高发于冬季。结论　广州地区变应性鼻炎与非变应性鼻炎患者在年龄、性别和发病季节等临床特征方面存在明显差异，但近10年两者比例无明显变化趋势。

Clinical characteristics in patients with allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis in Guangzhou

OBJECTIVE To obtain and compare the clinical characteristics in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR) and nonallergic rhinitis(NAR) and investigate the trends in the proportion of AR and NAR in recent 10 years in Guangzhou. METHODS 5486 patients with nasal hyper-reactivity symptoms were divided into the AR group and NAR group. Clinical data including gender, age distribution and seasonality were analyzed. RESULTS The trends in the proportion of AR and NAR during the past decade did not change significantly. Male made up the majority of AR patients and NAR patients and AR patients were significantly younger than NAR patients. Male AR patients were significantly younger than females, while there were no significant difference in the age distribution among the male NAR patients and female ones. As the age increasing, the proportion of AR and NAR patients in overall study population present opposite tendency. The main onset season in AR was summer and in NAR was winter in Guangzhou city. CONCLUSION There were significant differences between AR and NAR in age, gender and seasonality. However, the trends in the proportion of AR and NAR in recent 10 years did not change significantly in Guangzhou.