农村社区精神分裂症患者主要照护者照护内容的质性研究

目的深入了解农村社区精神分裂症患者主要照护者的照护内容,为制定有针对性的干预措施提供参考。方法2015年7-8月,采用立意抽样法选择湖南省浏阳市重性精神疾病管理项目档案中的10名精神分裂症患者的主要照护者为研究对象,对其进行半结构式访谈,采用现象学研究方法对资料进行整理分析。结果农村社区精神分裂症患者主要照护者的照护内容可提炼出5个主题,分别是:(1)进行日常生活照护;(2)协助疾病管理;(3)帮助建立社会交往;(4)疏导不良情绪;(5)物质和医疗支持的不均衡。结论农村社区精神分裂症患者主要照护者的照护内容主要集中在患者的日常生活和病情照护方面,对于患者社会交往、心理状态方面的照护比较缺乏。因此,主要照护者应更多地重视患者的社会交往及心理状态,为患者提供更多综合性的照护。

Care of Primary Caregivers Provided to Patients with Schizophrenia in Rural Communities:A Qualitative Research

Objective To deeply understand the contents of care that the primary caregivers provided to patients with schizophrenia in rural communities,so as to provide reference to formulate the targeted interventions.Methods By using purposive sampling,1 0 caregivers were selected and had semi-struc-tured interviews.The data were analyzed by phenomenological method.Results Five main themes were extracted:daily life care;assistant of disease management;help to build social interaction;modified of negative emotion;imbalance of material and medical support.Conclusions The contents of care of pri-mary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia are mainly about daily life and disease care,and lack of attention in patients’social interaction and psychological status.Thus,main caregivers need to pay more attention to patients’social interaction and psychological status,in order to provide more comprehensive care to the patients.