250例微创经皮肾镜取石术后并发症的前瞻性临床观察

目的观察和分析微创经皮肾取石术（PGNL）后并发症的特点，以便采取相应的护理对策减缓患者痛苦、促进患者尽早康复。方法对接受PCNL治疗的250例上尿路结石患者的术后并发症进行前瞻性研究，并行护理经验总结。结果术后主要并发症包括出血24例、尿源性感染3例、结肠损伤2例、气胸1例、造瘘管周尿漏191例，尿管周尿漏38例。经过积极治疗和护理，均痊愈出院。结论熟悉并发症的临床特点，做到早发现、早处理，对促进PCNL术后并发症的康复具有重要的作用。

Prospective clinical observation on postoperative complications of 250 cases of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Objective To observe and analyze the complications of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL) , in order to take appropriate nursing measures to alleviate pain of patients, promote patients'rehabilitation as soon as possible. Methods Prospective study of complications was conducted in 250 cases of upper urinary tract calculi receiving PCNL treatment, and summarizing nursing experience. Results Main complications included bleeding in 24 cases, urine-borne infection in 3 cases, colon injury in 2 cases, pneumothorax in 1 case,nephrostomy catheter urine leakage in 191 cases, catheter urine leakage in 38 cases. All were fully recovered after active treatment and care. Conclusion It has an important role in promoting the rehabilitation of PCNL surgery to know the features of complications, early detect and early treat.