10501例新生儿听力筛查结果

目的 探索新生儿听力筛查的临床策略。了解新生儿听力损失的发病状况,以便早期干预。方法 应用瞬态诱发耳声发射技术（简称TEOAE）进行听力普遍筛查,对复筛未通过者,于生后3个月左右采用听性脑干反应9ABR）和40Hz听性相关电位（40Hz-AERP)技术诊断。结果 自2000年5月至2002年5月。可供听力筛查的新生儿数为11198例,实际筛查10501例（总体新生儿初筛率为93.8%);初筛通过8882例（84.6%)。需门诊复筛的共1619例。实际复筛人数1476例。通过1387例。门诊复筛率为91.17%。复筛通过率为93.97%。确诊新生儿先天性听力损失61例（90只耳）,另加1例假阴性病例。由本组资料显示新生儿先天性听力损失在筛查儿中的发病率为5.90%（单耳和双耳）,双耳听力损失在筛查儿中的发病率为2.86‰。初筛的假阳性率为14.91%。两步筛查后的假阳性率为0.26%。结论 通过筛查,新生儿听力损失可及早发现,并进行及早干预,有效的促进婴幼儿语言发育。

Hearing screening of 10,501 newborns

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the results of hearing screening in newborns so as to explore the appropriate clinical strategy of hearing screening among newborns. METHODS: Transiently evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) was used to examine the hearing of 10,501 newborns 2 - 4 days after birth. Those who failed the initial screening underwent secondary screening with TEOAE. Acoustic brain-stem response (ABR) and 40 Hz AERP were used to monitor the hearing of those who failed the secondary screening every 6 months since the age of 3 months to the age of 3 years. RESULTS: The false-positive rate was 14.92% in the initial screening, and was 0.26% after the 2-stage screening. 62 infants were diagnosed with hearing loss with a prevalence of congenital hearing loss (in one ear or two ears) of 5.90 per thousand and a prevalence of bilateral hearing loss of 2.76 per thousand. CONCLUSION: Hearing screening in the procedure with TEOAE, ABR and 40 Hz AERP helps identify infants with hearing loss as early as possible so as to conduct appropriate intervention.