咖啡因致胎儿宫内发育迟缓机制的研究进展

宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)是最常见的发育毒性之一,不仅可造成围产儿发病和死亡,而且其不良影响还可延续至成年,严重影响了人口生存质量。咖啡因广泛存在于多种日常饮料和某些药物中,其全球消耗量正逐年增加,妊娠妇女摄入含咖啡因的食品和药物也越来越多见。研究已证实,妊娠期摄入咖啡因是引起IUGR的危险因素之一,然而目前咖啡因引起胎儿不良反应的机制尚无定论。本文从母体(肾素-血管紧张素系统)、胎盘(细胞增殖/凋亡)和胎儿(神经内分泌干扰)3方面,综述了咖啡因致IUGR的发生机制。

Mechanism underlying intrauterine growth retardation induced by caffeine and its research advance

Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is one of the most commonly encountered developmental toxicity, which could lead to perinatal morbidity and mortality, be also extended from the fetus to adulthood, and seriously affect the quality of the population. Caffeine widely exists in a variety of daily beverages and some drugs. Its consumption is increasing year by year. Caffeine intake during pregnancy is one of the risk factors for IUGR. However, its mechanism of adverse outcome based on embryonic research is still unclear. In this paper, the possible mechanisms of caffeine-induced IUGR focusing on 3 important factors-the mother, placenta and fetus were explored. Caffeine's impact on the mother is the chronic activation of renin-angiotensin system; on the placenta, caffeine induces cell damage or the failure of the cell proliferation/apoptosis balance, leading to blockage of blood supply to the placenta; caffeine is also capable of directly affecting fetal development through interfering its neuroendocrine.