燥邪对健康大鼠气管和肺内细小支气管黏膜组织肺泡表面活性物质相关蛋白-D表达的影响

目的:基于健康大鼠气管组织形态学及气道黏膜和肺内细小支气管黏膜肺泡表面活性物质相关蛋白-D(SP-D)的表达探索燥邪致病的微观机制。方法:60只SPF级SD雌鼠按体重随机均分为六组,正常对照组(N-24 d和N-48 d)置于常温常湿环境中,秋燥组(D-24 d和D-48 d)和西北燥组(D&D-24 d和D&D-48 d)置于人工气候箱分别予轻度燥邪和重度燥邪干预,分期采集短期和长期干预组大鼠气道和右肺中叶组织,制备石蜡切片,经HE染色后镜下观察其组织形态,采用免疫组化学分析技术,比较上述六组大鼠气管和肺内细小支气管黏膜SP-D的表达。结果:燥邪可引起大鼠气道组织形态学发生病理改变,秋燥组损害程度随干预时长增加加重,西北燥组损害程度随干预时长增加有所改善。气道黏膜SP-D表达D-48 d组分别高于N-48 d组和D&D-48 d组(均P<0.05); D-48 d组分别高于N-24 d组和D-24 d组(均P<0.05),但N-48 d组、D&D-24 d组和D&D-48 d组比较差异均无统计学意义。肺内细小气道黏膜SP-D表达在各组间的差异均无统计学意义。结论:燥邪可引起气道组织形态发生改变。气道黏膜SP-D异常表达和肺内细小气道SP-D表达未发生显著变化可能是燥邪致病亚健康状态的微观机制之一。燥邪气道黏膜SP-D表达的差别影响提示气道黏膜SP-D表达可作为西北燥证证候机制研究的线索之一。

Effect of dryness-evil on SP-D expression in trachea and small bronchial mucosa of healthy rats

Objective:To explore the micromechanism of dryness on the basis of the histomorphology of trachea and the expression of Suractant-associated protein-D(SP-D)in small bronchial mucosa of lung in healthy rats.Methods:60 SPF female SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups according to their body weight.The normal control group(N-24 d and N-48 d)were exposed to normal temperature and humidity,autumn dryness group(D-24 d and D-48 d)and northwest dryness group(D&D-24 d and D&D-48 d)were placed in the artificial climate chamber and were treated with mild dryness evil and severe dryness evil respectively,paraffin sections were prepared and observed under the microscope after HE staining.SP-D expression in the tracheal and small bronchial mucosa of the six groups was compared by immunohistochemistry.Results:Dryness evil can cause pathological changes of airway in rats,the degree of injury in autumn dryness group increased with the time of intervention,and the degree of injury in northwest dryness group improved with the time of intervention.SP-D expression in the trachea group D-48 d was higher than group N-48 d and group D&D-48 d(P<0.05);group D-48 d was higher than group N-24 d and group D-24 d(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between group N-48 d,group D&D-24 d and group D&D-48 d.There was no significant difference in SP-D expression of small airway mucosa in each group.Conclusion:Dryness evil can change the morphology of trachea.The abnormal expression of SP-D in airway mucosa and the unaltered expression of SP-D in small airway in lung may be one of the micromechanism of pathogenic dryness sub-optimal health.The difference of SP-D expression in airway mucosa suggests that SP-D expression in airway mucosa may be one of the clues to study the mechanism of northwest dryness syndrome.