呼吸道变应性炎性反应的相关性探讨

目的探讨呼吸道中上气道与下气道变应性炎性反应的相关性，临床诊断、预防和治疗提供依据。方法行变应原皮肤点刺试验和病史采集，选择300例患者作为研究对象，150例变应性鼻炎患者为鼻炎组（即上气道组）；150例支气管哮喘患者为哮喘组（即下气道组）；其中100例患者两者兼有。结果变应性鼻炎和支气管哮喘患者都可检测到相应的变应原；哮喘组变应原阳性率均高于鼻炎组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。100例两者兼有患者中，先患有变应性鼻炎后有支气管哮喘者，或两者同时发病者，比率为68％；先患有支气管哮喘后有变应性鼻炎者，比率为32％。结论变应性鼻炎患者是支气管哮喘的危险人群，上下气道变应性炎性反应具有密切相关性；了解上下气道变应性炎性反应的相关性，对上下气道变应性炎性反应性疾病的免疫治疗及预防有指导意义。

The relationship of allergic inflammation of upper and lower airway

Objective To evaluate the relationship of allergic inflammation of upper airway and lower airway. Methods 150 patients with allergic rhinitis and 150 patients with bronchial asthma were involved in the present study. The patients were detected with allergen skin prick test. Results Allergic rhinitis and asthma patients can be detected in the corresponding allergen. The asthma allergen~positive rate was higher than rhinitis （P〈0.05）. 68% of the patients with the two diseases suffered asthma after rhinitis or simultaneously. Conclusions Upper and lower airway allergic in-flammatory response is closely relevant. Patients with allergic rhinitis is a risk of asthma.